east coast.

4. _Passer domesticus._ (The English Sparrow.) ? Introduced.

5. _Corvus americanus._ (The American Crow.) Common over all North
America.

6. _Cardinalis virginianus._ (The Cardinal bird.) Migrates from
Carolina southward.

7. _Chamoepelia passerina._ (The ground Dove.) Louisiana, W. Indies,
and Mexico.

8. _Ortyx virginianus._ (The American Quail.) New England to Florida.

9. _Ardea herodias._ (The Great Blue Heron.) All North America.

10. _Gailinula galeata._ (The Florida Gallinule.) Temperate and
tropical North America.

11. _Phaeeton flavirostris._ (The Tropic Bird.)

It will be seen that these are all very common North American birds, and
most of them are constant visitors from the mainland, so that however long
they may have inhabited the islands there has been no chance for them to
have acquired any distinctive characters owing to the want of isolation.

Among the most regular visitants which are not resident, are the common N.
American kingfisher (_Ceryle alcyon_), {268} the night-hawk (_Chordeiles
virginianus_), the wood wagtail (_Siurus novaeboracensis_), the
snow-bunting (_Plectrophanes nivalis_), and the wide-ranging rice-bird
(_Dolichonyx oryzivora_), all very common and widespread in North America.

_Comparison of the Bird-faunas of Bermuda and the Azores._--The bird-fauna
of Bermuda thus differs from that of the Azores, in the much smaller number
of resident species, and the presence of several regular migrants. This is
due, first, to the small area and little varied surface of these islands,
as well as to their limited flora and small supply of insects not affording
conditions suitable for the residence of many species all the year round;
and, secondly, to the peculiarity of the climate of North America, which
causes a much larger number of its birds to be migratory than in Europe.
The Northern United States and Canada, with a sunny climate, luxuriant
vegetation, and abundant insect-life during the summer, supply food and
shelter to an immense number of insectivorous and frugivorous birds; so
that during the breeding season Canada is actually richer in bird-life than
Florida. But as the severe winter comes on all these are obliged to migrate
southward, some to Carolina, Georgia, and Florida, others as far as the
West Indies, Mexico, or even to Guatemala and South America.

Every spring and autumn, therefore a vast multitude of bir