order of operations. In this particular case, the order is as
follows: At the first position of the turret, the outside collar is
rough-turned and the outer end rough-faced. At the second position, the
collar is turned to the required diameter and the outer face is
finished. The third face of the turret is not equipped with tools, this
part of the cycle being taken up in cutting off the collar with a
cut-off tool on the rear cross-slide. The fourth operation is that of
recessing the bushing, and the fifth operation, facing the end to remove
the rough surface left by the cutting-off tool.

The tools _A_ and _B_, Fig. 36, used for turning the outside of the
flange, are held in brackets _C_ bolted to the face of the turret.
These brackets are each provided with three holes for carrying turning
tool-holders. This arrangement provides for turning a number of
diameters at different positions, simultaneously, but for this
particular operation, a single cutting tool for each tool-holder is all
that is necessary. A special device is used for recessing and will be
described later.

[Illustration: Fig. 36. Front View of Machine set up for the Finishing
Operation on the Recessed Bushing and Collar shown in the Foreground and
in Fig. 35]

=Determining Speed and Feed Changes.=--As previously mentioned, the
particular machine illustrated in Fig. 32 can be arranged for two
automatic changes of speed to suit different diameters on the work. The
change gears that will give the required spindle speeds should first be
selected. These change gears for different speeds are listed on a speed
and feed plate attached to the headstock of the machine (see Fig. 37).
It is possible to use one speed from the list given for the fast train
of gears, and one from the list for the slow train, so long as the same
gears are not used in each case. The diameter of the collar on the work
shown in Fig. 35 is 2-1/2 inches, and the diameter of the body is 2
inches. Assuming that the surface speed for this job should be about 40
feet per minute, a little calculation shows that the 66 revolutions per
minute, given by the fast train of gears, is equivalent to a surface
speed of 43 feet per minute on a diameter of 2-1/2 inches. Moreover, the
78 revolutions per minute obtained from the slow train of gearing, gives
about 41 feet per minute on a diameter of 2 inches. The spindle gearing
indicated for these speeds is, therefore, placed in position on the
proper stu