stimony to his services, and of acquittal of the charge made
against him, he was appointed commander of Portsmouth. He died at Holt,
near Bishop's Waltham, in Hampshire, on the 31st of August 1818.

See _Naval Chronicle_, xvii.; James, _Naval History_, iii. 356-379 (1860).

CALDER, an ancient district of Midlothian, Scotland. It has been divided
into the parishes of Mid-Calder (pop. in 1901 3132) and West-Calder (pop.
8092), East-Calder belonging to the parish of Kirknewton (pop. 3221). The
whole locality owes much of its commercial importance and prosperity to the
enormous development of the mineral oil industry. Coal-mining is also
extensively pursued, sandstone and limestone are worked, and paper-mills
flourish. Mid-Calder, a town on the Almond (pop. 703), has an ancient
church, and John Spottiswood (1510-1585), the Scottish reformer, was for
many years minister. His sons--John, archbishop of St Andrews, and James
(1567-1645), bishop of Clogher--were both born at Mid-Calder. West-Calder
is situated on Breich Water, an affluent of the Almond, 151/2 m. S.W. of
Edinburgh by the Caledonian railway, and is the chief centre of the
district. Pop. (1901) 2652. At Addiewell, about 11/2 m. S.W., the manufacture
of ammonia, naphtha, paraffin oil and candles is carried on, the village
practically dating from 1866, and having in 1901 a population of 1591. The
Highland and Agricultural Society have an experimental farm at Pumpherston
(pop. 1462). The district contains several tumuli, old ruined castles and a
Roman camp in fair preservation.

CALDERON, RODRIGO (d. 1621), COUNT OF OLIVA AND MARQUES DE LAS SIETE
IGLESIAS, Spanish favourite and adventurer, was born at Antwerp. His
father, Francisco Calderon, a member of a family ennobled by Charles V.,
was a captain in the army who became afterwards _comendador mayor_ of
Aragon, presumably by the help of his son. The mother was a Fleming, said
by Calderon to have been a lady by birth and called by him Maria Sandelin.
She is said by others to have been first the mistress and then the wife of
Francisco Calderon. Rodrigo is said to have been born out of wedlock. In
1598 he entered the service of the duke of Lerma as secretary. The
accession of Philip III. in that year made Lerma, who had unbounded
influence over the king, master of Spain. Calderon, who was active and
unscrupulous, made himself the trusted agent of Lerma. In the general
scramble for wealth among the worthless intriguers w