-17_, Rep. U. S.
Dept. Lab., p. 110.

[92] Scott, E. J., _Negro Migration During The War_, p. 77.

[93] Scott, E. J., _Negro Migration During The War_, p. 77.

[94] _Ibid._, p. 78.

[95] Dillard, J. H., _Negro Migration in 1916-17_, Rep. U. S. Dept.
Lab., p. 13.

[96] Williams, W. T. B., _Negro Migration in 1916-17_, Rep. U. S.
Dept. Lab., p. 104.

[97] _Ibid._, _pp._ 111-112.

[98] Williams, W. T. B., _Negro Migration in 1916-17_, Rep. U. S.
Dept. Lab., p. 110.

[99] Min. Univ. Com. on Southern Race Questions, pp. 48-48, 1917.

[100] _Survey_, 38: 428, Aug. 11, 1917.

[101] _Living Age_, 295: 58-59, Oct. 6, 1917.

[102] _Negro Migration in 1916-17_, Rep. U. S. Dept. Lab., pp. 15-113.
See topics titled as follows: "Constructive Adjustments," "Means of
Checking the Exodus," "Constructive Possibilities," and "Initial
Remedies."

[103] Baker, R. S., _World's Work_, 34: 316, July, 1919.

[104] _Living Age_, 295: 59, Oct. 6, 1917.

[105] _Ibid._, p. 59.

[106] Woodson, C. G., _A Century of Negro Migration_, p. 176.

CHAPTER VI

THE EFFECTS OF THE NEGRO MIGRATION ON THE NORTH

As the migration had its effects upon the South, it likewise
influenced conditions in the North and West; but in the latter cases
these effects were somewhat different from those produced upon the
former section. It is almost obvious that these two sections could
hardly escape without being affected, since they were suddenly invaded
by a multitude of newcomers who belonged to a race different from that
of the dominant elements in their respective populations. In these
places, moreover, these migrants were seeking for the most part better
opportunities in order to enhance their progress in the struggle for
existence, and in so doing created new situations which undoubtedly
had decided effects upon these sections.

The first noted effect was a tremendous increase in the Negro
population of some of the large cities and industrial centers of these
sections. It is estimated that this increase in some cases ranged from
one to four-fold. For example, the Negro population of Detroit,
Michigan, jumped from 5,751 to 41,532 by 1920. In 1917 Pittsburgh,
Pennsylvania, showed an increase of 47.1 per cent in its Negro
population. During the same decade Philadelphia added 49,632 to its
black population; and it is reported that 25,000 Negro migrants went
to Cincinnati, Ohio,[107] and 52,000 to Chicago, Illinois.[108] The
census of 1920