ave Law was to be repealed, and in its place
the respective States were to return fugitives or to pay the value of
those that might be retained.

Slavery was to be abolished in the District of Columbia with the
consent of Maryland and upon payment of the full value of the slaves
emancipated. The Territories were to be divided between freedom and
slavery. His scheme contemplated other changes not connected
necessarily with the system of slavery. Of these I mention the
election of President, Vice-President, Senators, and Judges of the
Supreme Court by the people, coupled with a limitation of the terms of
judges to twelve years.

The Crittenden Resolution contained these declarations of facts and
policy:

1. The present deplorable war has been forced upon the country by the
disunionists of the Southern States.

2. Congress has no purpose of conquest or subjugation, nor purpose of
overthrowing or interfering with the established rights of those States.

Upon a motion to include disunionists in the North under the first
charge, Mr. Johnson voted in the negative with Sumner, Wilson, Wade,
and other Republicans.

This brief survey of Mr. Johnson's Congressional career at the opening
of the war may indicate the characteristics of his mind in controversy
and debate, and furnish means for comprehending his actions in the
troublous period of his administration.

Some conclusions are deducible from this survey. First of all it is
to be said that he never assumed to be a member of the Republican
Party. Next, I do not find evidence which will justify the statement
that he was a disbeliever in the right of a State to secede from the
Union. It is manifest that he was not an advocate of the doctrine of
political equality as it came to be taught by the leaders of the
Republican Party. When he became President, he was an opponent of
negro suffrage.

This record, though not concealed, was not understood by the members
of the convention that placed him in nomination for the second office
in the country.

This analysis prepares the way for an extract from the testimony of Mr.
Stanley Matthews, who was afterwards a justice of the Supreme Court,
and who was examined by the Judiciary Committee of the House of
Representatives when engaged in investigating the doings of the
President previous to his impeachment. Mr. Johnson was appointed
Military Governor of Tennessee the third day of March, 1862. Colonel
Matthews was prov