olence, and enthusiastic
without extravagance.

You must not only thoroughly know yourself and your subject, but also
your audience. You should carefully consider the best way to bring them
and yourself into unity. You may do this by making an appeal to some
principle commonly recognized and approved by men, such as patriotism,
justice, humanity, courage, duty, or righteousness.

What Phillips Brooks said about the preacher, applies with equal truth
to other forms of public speaking:

"_Whatever is in the sermon must be in the preacher first;
clearness, logicalness, vivacity, earnestness, sweetness, and
light, must be personal qualities in him before they are qualities
of thought and language in what he utters to his people._"

After you have earnestly studied the principles of public speaking you
should plan to have regular and frequent practise in addressing actual
audiences. There are associations and societies everywhere, constantly
in quest of good speakers. There will be ample opportunities for you if
you have properly developed your speaking abilities.

_And now to sum up some of the most essential things for you:_

1. READ ALOUD EVERY DAY

This is indispensable to your greatest progress in speech culture.
Reading aloud, properly done, compels you to pronounce the words,
instead of skimming over them as in silent reading. It gives you the
additional benefit of receiving a vocal impression of the rhythm and
structure of the composition.

_Keep in mind the following purposes of your reading aloud:_

1. To improve your speaking voice.

2. To acquire distinct enunciation.

3. To cultivate correct pronunciation.

4. To develop English style.

5. To increase your stock of words.

6. To store your memory with facts.

7. To analyze an author's thoughts.

8. To broaden your general knowledge.

2. FORM THE NOTE-BOOK HABIT

Keep separate note-books for the subjects in which you are deeply
interested and on which you intend some time to speak in public. Write
in them promptly any valuable ideas which come to you from the four
principal sources--observation, conversation, reading, and meditation.

You will be surprized to find how rapidly you can acquire useful data in
this way. In an emergency you can turn to the speech-material you have
accumulated and quickly solve the problem of "what to say."

Keep the contents of your note-books in systematic order. Classify ideas
un