outline of mouldings as they would
appear if sawn across at right angles to their length.

PORCH.--A small external structure to protect and ornament
the doorway to a building (rarely met with in Renaissance).

QUATREFOIL.--A four-leaved ornament occupying a circle in
tracery or a panel.

RAFTERS.--The sloping beams of a roof upon which the
covering of the roof rests.

RAGSTONE.--A coarse stone found in parts of Kent and
elsewhere, and used for walling.

RECEDING PLANES.--(See Plane.)

RECESS.--A sinking in a building deeper than a mere panel.

RECESSING.--Forming one or more recesses. Throwing back some
part of a building behind the general face.

RENAISSANCE.--The art of the period of the Classic revival
which began in the sixteenth century. In this volume used
chiefly to denote the architecture of Europe in that and the
succeeding centuries.

RIB (in Gothic vaulting).--A bar of masonry or moulding
projecting beyond the general surface of a vault, to mark
its intersections or subdivide its surface, and to add
strength.

RIDGE.--(1) The straight line or ornament which marks the
summit of a roof; (2) the line or rib, straight or curved,
which marks the summit of a vault.

ROLL.--A round moulding.

ROSE WINDOW.--A wheel window (which see).

RUBBLE.--Rough stonework forming the heart of a masonry
wall; sometimes faced with ashlar (which see), sometimes
shown.

RUSTICATION (or RUSTICATED MASONRY).--The sort of ornamental
ashlar masonry (chiefly Classic and Renaissance) in which
each stone is distinguished by a broad channel all round it,
marking the joints.

RUSTICS.--The individual blocks of stone used in rustication
(as described above).

SCREEN.--An internal partition or inclosure cutting off part
of a building. At the entrance to the choir of a church
screens of beautiful workmanship were used.

SCROLL MOULDING.--A round roll moulding showing a line along
its face (distinctive of decorated Gothic).

SCROLL WORK.--Ornament showing winding spiral lines like the
edge of a scroll of paper (chiefly found in Elizabethan).

SECTION.--(1) A drawing of a building as it would appear if
cut through at some fixed plane. (2) That part of the
construction of a building which would be displayed by such
a drawing as des