ntury and part of the sixteenth.

The duration of each of these coincides approximately with the
century, the transition from each phase to the next taking place
chiefly in the last quarter of the century. Adding the periods of the
English types of round arched Architecture, we obtain the following
table:--

Up to 1066 or up to middle of 11th century, SAXON.
A.D. 1066 to 1189 or up to end of 12th " NORMAN.
A.D. 1189 to 1307 or up to end of 13th " EARLY ENGLISH.
A.D. 1307 to 1377 or up to end of 14th " DECORATED.
A.D. 1377 to 1546 or up to middle of 16th " PERPENDICULAR.

The term "Early English" (short for Early English Gothic) applied to
English thirteenth-century architecture explains itself.

The term "Lancet" sometimes applied to the Early English style, is
derived from the shape of the ordinary window-heads, which resemble
the point of a lancet in outline (Fig. 16). Whatever term be adopted,
it is necessary to remark that a wide difference exists between the
earlier and the late examples of this period. It will suffice for our
purposes if, when speaking of the fully-developed style of the late
examples, we refer to it as Advanced Early English.

The architecture of the fourteenth century is called "Decorated," from
the great increase of ornament, especially in window tracery and
carved enrichments.

The architecture of the fifteenth century is called "Perpendicular,"
from the free use made of perpendicular lines, both in general
features and in ornaments, especially in the tracery of the windows
and the panelling with which walls are ornamented.[4]

The following condensed list, partly from Morant,[5] of the most
striking peculiarities of each period, may be found useful for
reference, and is on that account placed here, notwithstanding that it
contains many technical words, for the meaning of which the student
must consult the Glossary which forms part of this volume.

ANGLO-SAXON--(Prior to the Norman Conquest).--

Rude work and rough material; walls mostly of rubble or
ragstone with ashlar at the angles in long and short courses
alternately; openings with round or triangular heads,
sometimes divided by a rude baluster. Piers plain, square,
and narrow. Windows splayed externally and internally. Rude
square blocks of stone in place of capitals and bases.
Mouldings generally semi-cylindrical and coarsely chise