d earth than are dreamt of in the present philosophy of
science, but who have been also taught, by baffled efforts, how vain
is the attempt to grapple with the Inscrutable, the ultimate frame of
mind is that of Goethe:

Who dares to name His name,
Or belief in Him proclaim,
Veiled in mystery as He is, the All-enfolder?
Gleams across the mind His light,
Feels the lifted soul His might,
Dare it then deny His reign, the All-upholder?

********************

As I rode through the Schwarzwald, I said to myself: That little fire
which glows star-like across the dark-growing moor, where the sooty
smith bends over his anvil, and thou hopest to replace thy lost
horse-shoe,--is it a detached, separated speck, cut off from the whole
Universe; or indissolubly joined to the whole? Thou fool, that
smithy-fire was primarily kindled at the Sun; is fed by air that
circulates from before Noah's Deluge, from beyond the Dogstar;
therein, with Iron Force, and Coal Force, and the far stranger Force
of Man, are cunning affinities and battles and victories of Force
brought about; it is a little ganglion, or nervous centre, in the
great vital system of Immensity. Call it, if thou wilt, an
unconscious Altar, kindled on the bosom of the All... Detached,
separated! I say there is no such separation: nothing hitherto was
ever stranded, cast aside; but all, were it only a withered leaf,
works together with all; is borne forward on the bottomless, shoreless
flood of action, and lives through perpetual metamorphoses.--CARLYLE.

*****

V. MATTER AND FORCE.

[Footnote: A Lecture delivered to the working men of Dundee, September
5, 1867, with additions.]

It is the custom of the Professors in the Royal School of Mines in
London to give courses of evening lectures every year to working men.
The lecture-room holds 600 people; and tickets to this amount are
disposed of as quickly as they can be handed to those who apply for
them. So desirous are the working men of London to attend these
lectures, that the persons who fail to obtain tickets always bear a
large proportion to those who succeed. Indeed, if the lecture-room
could hold 2,000 instead of 600, I do not doubt that every one of its
benches would be occupied on these occasions. It is, moreover, worthy
of remark that the lectures are but rarely of a character which could
help the working man in his daily pursuits. The info