end on the weather for conditions favorable to
pollenation. But four or five years ago I began pollenating much earlier
and I have had good results.

DR. MORRIS: That is a very important point.

PROFESSOR CLOSE: By doing that I know it is pollenated. I have been
failing so many years I felt it was a loss of all the first part of the
work.

DR. MORRIS: It is a great convenience to be able to pollenate at the
same moment when you emasculate.

A MEMBER: I would like to have you kindly explain to what extent cross
pollenation can be made practical to the ordinary grower.

DR. MORRIS: Let's say that in case of the butternut we wish to
experiment with removal of the thick shell, and also to obtain less of
that strong oily flavor; we wish to get rid of those two things. In
order to do that I would first think of the Japanese walnut, _juglans
cordiformis_, which has a much thinner shell and is less oily and more
bland. Crosses between this Japanese walnut and the butternut we may
fairly expect will sometimes give us a large, thin shelled butternut of
good character. The next question is, who is going to do it? The men
about my place are pretty busy, and this is rather delicate work. It is
going to be a most inspiring field for the young folks and the ladies,
because it is nice, pretty, ladylike work, and beside that its returns
may be large. If your little daughter, ten years of age, knows that she
may get $2,000 for a single cross that she has made, it is stimulating,
because it is not every child ten years of age who can put $2,000 in the
bank, as personal earnings of increment.

MR. MOSELY: I would like to ask just what results you expect from the
cross pollenization of these nuts, and just how far they will differ
from the parent type?

DR. MORRIS: You are bound to have continuance of one parent type, but in
crossing with pollen from hybrids you may carry desirable
characteristics through a series of generations and breed for what is
wanted, possibly to the sixth generation or even further with some
species.

MR. MOSELY: Then the type is not fixed until pollenization?

DR. MORRIS: By selecting the one showing the dominant characteristics
you wish to preserve, you could breed through several generations and
have an ideal type eventually.

MR. DOAN: I would like to ask how far the buds are developed in cold
storage before the pollen can be used?

DR. MORRIS: For instance, take the hazel when its catkins are just