he places,
surrounding a small pearly vesicle or bladder. This goes on deepening in
hue till the seventh or eighth day, when the vesicle is about an inch in
diameter, with a depressed centre; on the ninth the edges are elevated,
and the surrounding part hard and inflamed. The disease is now at its
height, and the pustule should be opened, if not for the purpose of
vaccinating other children, to allow the escape of the lymph, and subdue
the inflammatory action. After the twelfth day the centre is covered by
a brown scab, and the colour of the swelling becomes darker, gradually
declining in hardness and colour till the twentieth, when the scab
falls, off, leaving a small pit, or cicatrix, to mark the seat of the
disease, and for life prove a certificate of successful vaccination.

2546. In some children the inflammation and swelling of the arm is
excessive, and extremely painful, and the fever, about the ninth or
tenth day, very high; the pustule, therefore, at that time, should
sometimes be opened, the arm fomented every two hours with a warm bread
poultice, and an aperient powder given to the infant.

MEASLES AND SCARLET FEVER, WITH THE TREATMENT OF BOTH.

Measles.

2547. This much-dreaded disease, which forms the next subject in our
series of infantine diseases, and which entails more evils on the health
of childhood than any other description of physical suffering to which
that age of life is subject, may be considered more an affection of the
venous circulation, tending to general and local congestion, attended
with a diseased condition of the blood, than either as a fever or an
inflammation; and though generally classed before or after scarlet
fever, is, in its pathology and treatment, irrespective of its
after-consequences, as distinct and opposite as one disease can well be
from another.

4548. As we have already observed, measles are always characterized by
the running at the nose and eyes, and great oppression of breathing; so,
in the mode of treatment, two objects are to be held especially in view;
first, to unload the congested state of the lungs,--the cause of the
oppressed breathing; and, secondly, to act vigorously, both during the
disease and afterwards, on the bowels. At the same time it cannot be too
strongly borne in mind, that though the patient in measles should on no
account be kept unduly hot, more care than in most infantine complaints
should be taken to guard the body from _cold_, or any ab