ulminated in Hopkinson's assassination in 1914.

As "the twilight zone" between provincial and federal rights comes up
here, it should be considered and emphasized; for it is the one great
weakness of every federation. _Who_ is to do _what_--when neither
government wants to assume responsibility? Who is to enforce laws, when
neither government wants to father them? It was this gave such passion
to Vancouver's resentment in Hindu immigration. Indeed this very
question of "a twilight zone" gives pause to many an Imperial
Federationist. In a dispute of this sort, involving the parts of the
empire, could England give force to an exclusion act without losing the
allegiance to her British Empire?

Every conceivable argument has been used in this Hindu dispute. I want
to emphasize--they are _arguments_, used for argument's sake--not
reasons. The plain brutal bald reasons on each side of the dispute are
British Columbia does _not_ want the Hindus. The Hindus want British
Columbia. Simultaneously with the campaign for publicity action was
taken: (1) to force the resident Hindu on the voters' list; (2) to break
down the immigration laws by demanding the entrance of wives and
families; (3) to force recognition of the status of the Oriental by
bringing them in the ships of Japan--England's ally.

If the resident Hindu had a vote--and as a British subject, why not?--and
if he could break down the immigration exclusion act, he could out-vote
the native-born Canadian in ten years. In Canada are five and one-half
million native born, two million aliens. In India are hundreds of
millions breaking the dykes of their own national barriers and ready to
flood any open land. Take down the barriers on the Pacific Coast, and
there would be ten million Hindus in Canada in ten years. The drawing of
Japan into the quarrel by chartering a Japanese ship was a crafty move.
Japan is the empire's ally. Offense to Japan means war.

III

The arguments from both sides I set down in utter disinterest personally.
Here they are:

We need room for colonization--says the Hindu. Let England lose India,
and she loses five-sixths of the British Empire. By refusing admission
to the Hindu, Canada is endangering British dominion in India. Moral
conditions there are appalling, of course; but say the missionaries--give
these people a chance, and they will become as good as any of us. Are we
not sprung from the same Aryan stock?

British Co