popularity by their devotion to the sick at the time
of the cholera."--In 1848, they had won back respect and sympathy; "the
people came and begged them to bless their liberty-poles."--Abbe Petitot
adds: "The church gains ground every day, but rather among the upper
than the lower classes."]

[Footnote 5360: Emile Keller, "Les Congregations," etc., p.362 (with the
figures in relation to Schools).--"Debats" of April 27, 1890 (with
the figures in relation to hospitals. Deaths increased in the eighteen
secularized hospitals at the rate of four per cent).]

[Footnote 5361: Fournier de Flaix, "Journal de la Societe de
Statistique," number for Sep. 1890, p.260. (According to registers kept
in the archiepiscopal archives in Paris)--"Compte-rendu des operations
du Conseil d'administration des pompes funebres a Paris" (1889):
funerals wholly civil in 1882, 19.33 per cent; in 1888, 19.04 per cent;
in 1889, 18.63 per cent.--"Atlas de statistique municipale." ("Debats"
of July 10, 1890:) The poorer the arrondissement, the greater the
number of civil funerals; Menilmontant wins hands down, one third of the
funerals here being civil.]

[Footnote 5362: Abbe Joseph Roux (cure at first of Saint-Silvain, near
Tulle, and then in a small town of Correze), "Pensees," p. 132 (1886):
"There is always something of the pagan in the peasant. He is original
sin in all its brutish simplicity."--"The peasant passed from paganism
to Christianity mostly through miracles; he would go back at less cost
from Christianity to paganism.... It is only lately that a
monster exists, the impious peasant.... The rustic, in spite of
school-teachers, even in spite of the cures, believes in sorcerers and in
sorcery the same as the Gauls and Romans."--Therefore the means employed
against him are wholly external. ("Vie de Mgr. Dupanloup," by Abbe
Lagrange, pastoral notes of Mgr. Dupanloup, I., 64.) "What has proved
of most use to you in behalf of religion in your diocese during the last
fifteen years? Is it through this--is it through that? No, it is through
medals and crosses. Whatever is given to these good people affords them
pleasure; they like to have presents of Our Lord and the Blessed Virgin.
These objects, with them, stand for religion. A father who comes
with his child in his arms to receive the medal will not die without
confessing himself."--The reader will find on the clergy and peasantry
in the south of France details and pictures taken from life in