igned and executed by Miss C. P. Shrewsbury.
(The property of the artist.)

89. SIMPLE STITCHING ON LINEN, the broader bands in a canvas stitch in
yellow, the finer lines in back-stitch in pale grey silk. Italian. (Mrs.
L. F. D.)

90. SIMPLE COUCHED OUTLINE WORK, in purplish silk cord upon linen. Part
of an altar-cloth. Italian. 16th century. (V. & A. M.)

91. RENAISSANCE ORNAMENT--Most gracefully designed arabesque. The raised
outline (couched) has somewhat the effect of cloisons, the satin-stitch
(in colours) of brilliant enamel. It is upon a white satin ground. The
foreshortened face in the picture is _painted_ upon satin. Italian. Ca.
1700. (V. & A. M.)

92. APPLIQUE DESIGN, in yellow satin upon crimson velvet--Double
outline; next the red, white, sewn with pale blue; next the yellow,
gold. Midrib of the leaf couched silver. Spanish, 16th century. (V. & A.
M.)

93. SATIN-STITCH--except that the heart-shaped features at the base and
the lily-shaped flowers, of which only the tips are shown, are outlined
with fine white cord. Part of a fan, worked by Miss Buckle, from a
design by L. F. D. (The property of the worker.)

94. LEATHER APPLIQUE UPON VELVET--The stitching well within the edge of
the leather.

ERRATA.

Page 30. Diagram belongs to G (Stem-Stitch) described on page 32, not C
(Thick Crewel-Stitch).

Page 125, 2nd line. For "lower" read "upper."

ART IN NEEDLEWORK.

EMBROIDERY AND STITCHING.

Embroidery begins with the needle, and the needle (thorn, fish-bone, or
whatever it may have been) came into use so soon as ever savages had the
wit to sew skins and things together to keep themselves warm--modesty,
we may take it, was an afterthought--and if the stitches made any sort
of pattern, as coarse stitching naturally would, that was _embroidery_.

The term is often vaguely used to denote all kinds of ornamental
needlework, and some with which the needle has nothing to do. That is
misleading; though it is true that embroidery does touch, on the one
side, _tapestry_, which may be described as a kind of embroidery with
the shuttle, and, on the other, _lace_, which is needlework pure and
simple, construction "in the air" as the Italian name has it.

The term is used in common parlance to express any kind of superficial
or superfluous ornamentation. A poet is said to embroider the truth.
But such metaphorical use of the word hints at the real nature of the
work--embellishment, enr