before the time of my father and in the time of my earlier
predecessors. Nevertheless, if he be convicted of breach of
faith or of crime, he shall suffer such penalty as is just.

[9.] I remit all murder fines which were incurred before the
day on which I was crowned King; and such murder fines as
shall now be incurred shall be paid justly according to the
law of King Edward [by sureties].

[10.] By the common counsel of my barons I have retained the
forests in my own hands as my father did before me.

[11.] The knights, who in return for their estates perform
military service equipped with a hauberk [long coat] of
mail, shall hold their demesne lands quit of all gelds
[money payments] and all work; I make this concession as my
own free gift in order that, being thus relieved of so great
a burden, they may furnish themselves so well with horses
and arms that they may be properly equipped to discharge my
service and to defend my kingdom.

[12.] I establish a firm peace in all my kingdom, and I
order that this peace shall henceforth be kept.

[13.] I restore to you the law of King Edward together with
such emendations to it as my father [William I] made with
the counsel of his barons.

[14.] If since the death of my brother, King William [II],
anyone shall have seized any of my property, or the property
of any other man, let him speedily return the whole of it.
If he does this no penalty will be exacted, but if he
retains any part of it he shall, when discovered, pay a
heavy penalty to me.

Witness: Maurice, bishop of London; William, bishop-elect of
Winchester; Gerard, bishop of Herefore; Henry the earl; Simon the
earl; Walter Giffard; Robert of Montfort-sur-Risle; Roger Bigot;
Eudo the steward; Robert, son of Haimo; and Robert Malet.

At London when I was crowned. Farewell."

Henry took these promises seriously, which resulted in peace and
justice. Royal justice became a force to be reckoned with by the
multiplication of justices. Henry had a great respect for legality
and the forms of judicial action. He became known as the "Lion of
Justice".

The payment of queen's gold, that is of a mark of gold to the
queen out of every hundred marks of silver paid, in the way of
fine or other feudal incident, to the king, probably dates from
Henry I's reign.

A woman