1700), and several of the works of Augustine. 2. Modern:
C. W. F. Walch, _Entwurf einer vollstandigen Historie der Ketzereien_
(Leipzig, 1768); Hauck-Herzog, _Realencyk. fur prot. Theol._, art.
"Donatismus" by N. Bonwetsch, who cites the literature very fully; W.
Moller, _History of the Christian Church_ (vol. i. pp. 331 ff., 445
ff.); D. Volter, _Der Ursprung des Donatismus_ (Freiburg, 1883).

FOOTNOTES:

[1] There were three prominent men named Donatus connected with the
movement--Donatus of Casae Nigrae; Donatus surnamed Magnus, who
succeeded Majorinus as the Donatist bishop of Carthage; and Donatus
of Bagoi, a leader of the _circumcelliones_, who was captured and
executed c. 350. The name of the sect was derived from the second of
these. The Donatists themselves repudiated the designation, which was
applied to them by their opponents as a reproach. They called
themselves "Pars Majorini" or "Pars Donati."

[2] The Donatist movement affords a valuable illustration of the new
importance which the changed position of the church under Constantine
gave to the synodal system of ecclesiastical legislation.

DONATUS, AELIUS, Roman grammarian and teacher of rhetoric, flourished in
the middle of the 4th century A.D. The only fact known regarding his
life is that he was the tutor of St Jerome. He was the author of a
number of professional works, of which there are still extant:--_Ars
grammatica_; the larger portion of his commentary on Terence (a
compilation from other commentaries), but probably not in its original
form; and a few fragments of his notes on Virgil, preserved and severely
criticized by Servius, together with the preface and introduction, and
life of Virgil. The first of these works, and especially the section on
the eight parts of speech, though possessing little claim to
originality, and in fact evidently based on the same authorities which
were used by the grammarians Charisius and Diomedes, attained such
popularity as a school-book that in the middle ages the writer's name,
like the French Calepin, became a common metonymy (in the form _donet_)
for a rudimentary treatise of any sort. On the introduction of printing
editions of the little book were multiplied to an enormous extent. It is
extant in the form of an _Ars Minor_, which only treats of the parts of
speech, and an _Ars Major_, which deals with grammar in general at
greater length.

Aelius