are destroyed by the slightest frost. Plants of various species
have been distributed from time to time, in localities which
seemed most favorable to their growth, but all reports from these
distributions have, so far, been discouraging.

118. CINNAMOMUM CASSIA.--This furnishes cassia bark, which is much
like cinnamon, but thicker, coarser, stronger, less delicate in
flavor, and cheaper; hence it is often used to adulterate
cinnamon. The unexpanded flower buds are sold as cassia buds,
possessing properties similar to those of the bark. It is grown
in southern China, Java, and tropical countries generally.

119. CINNAMOMUM ZEYLANICUM.--A tree belonging to _Lauraceae_, which
furnishes the best cinnamon. It is prepared by stripping the bark
from the branches, when it rolls up into quills, the smaller of
which are introduced into the larger, and then dried in the sun.
Cinnamon is much used as a condiment for its pleasant flavor, and
its astringent properties are of medicinal value. It is cultivated
largely in Ceylon. The cinnamon tree is too tender to become of
commercial importance in the United States. Isolated plants may be
found in southern Florida, at least it is so stated, but the area
suited to its growth must be very limited.

120. CISSAMPELOS PAREIRA.--The velvet plant of tropical countries. The
root furnishes the _Pareira brava_ of druggists, which is used in
medicine.

121. CITRUS AURANTIUM.--The orange, generally supposed to be a native
of the north of India. It was introduced into Arabia during the
ninth century. It was unknown in Europe in the eleventh century.
Oranges were cultivated at Seville towards the end of the twelfth
century, and at Palermo in the thirteenth. In the fourteenth
century they were plentiful in several parts of Italy. There are
many varieties of the orange in cultivation. The blood red, or
Malta, is much esteemed; the fruit is round, reddish-yellow
outside and the pulp irregularly mottled with crimson. The
Mandarin or Tangerine orange has a thin rind which separates
easily from the pulp, and is very sweet and rich. The St.
Michael's orange is one of the most productive and delicious
varieties, with a thin rind and very sweet pulp. The Seville or
bitter orange is used for the manufacture