this psychical trait in spiders
--In earwigs--In crayfish--In butterflies--In fish--In toads--In
snakes--Instance of pride in parents--In the dog--In the cat--Parental
affection in birds--Animals seeking the assistance of man when their
offspring is in danger--The evolution of parental affection. 134

CHAPTER VII

REASON

Definition of reason--Origin of instincts--Instances of intelligent
ratiocination--In the bee--The wasp--The ant--Mental degeneration in
ants occasioned by the habit of keeping slaves--The honey-making ant
filling an artificial trench--Other evidences of reason in the insect
--_Termes_--Division of labor--The king and queen--Bravery of soldier
ants--Overseer and laborers--Blind impulse and intelligent ideation
--Harvester ants--Their habits and intelligence--Their presence in
Arkansas believed to be unique--Animals able to count--This faculty
present in the mason wasps--Experiments--Certain birds able to count
--Also dogs and mules--Cat recognizing the lapse of time--Monkey's
ability in computing--Huber's experiment with glass slip and bees
--Kirby and Spence's comment--Summary. 147

CHAPTER VIII

AUXILIARY SENSES

The color-changing sense and "homing instinct" so-called--These
faculties not instincts but true senses--The chromatic function
--Tinctumutation--Chromatophores and their function--Various
theories--Experiments of Paul Bert with axolotls--Semper's
contention--The difference between plant coloring and animal
coloring--Effects of light--Experiments with newts--Lister's
observations--Pouchet's experiments--Sympathetic nerves--Author's
experiments with frogs--The sense-centre of tinctumutation--Effects
of atropia--Experiments with fish--With katydid--The "homing instinct"
a true sense--Evidences of the sense in a water-louse--Author's
experiments with snails--Location of sense-centre in snails--Evidences
of the homing sense in the limpet--In beetles--In fleas--In ants--In
snakes--In birds--In fish. 181

CHAPTER IX

LETISIMULATION

Not confined to any family, order, or species of animals--Death-feigning
by rhizopods--By fresh-water annelids--By the larvae of butterflies and
beetles--By free-swimming rotifers--By snakes--By the itch insect
(_Sarcoptes hominis_)--By many of the _Coleoptera_--The common "tumble
bug" (_Canthon Laevis_) a gi