to a benefice. From that time he appears to have been engaged in
his clerical duties, and to have entirely discontinued his
scientific pursuits, exemplifying the working of a system still
in force at Oxford and Cambridge, where the chairs of
mathematics, natural philosophy, chemistry, botany, astronomy,
geology, mineralogy, and others, being frequently filled by
clergymen, the reward of success disqualifies them, if they
conscientiously discharge their new duties, from farther
advancing the cause of science, and that, too, at the moment when
their labors would naturally bear the richest fruits.

[87] Sui Corpi Marini del Feltrino, 1761.

[88] De Novis e Mari Natis Insulis. Raspe was also the editor of
the "Philosophical Works of Leibnitz. Amst. et Leipzig, 1765;"
also author of "Tassie's Gems," and "Baron Munchausen's Travels."

[89] Acta Academiae Electoralis Maguntinae, vol. ii. Erfurt.

[90] This account of Fuchsel is derived from an excellent
analysis of his memoirs by M. Keferstein. Journ. de Gaologie,
tom. ii. Oct. 1830.

[91] Saggio orittografico, &c. 1780, and other Works.

[92] Lett. sui Pesci Fossili di Bolca. Milan, 1793.

[93] This argument of Testa has been strengthened of late years
by the discovery that dealers in shells had long been in the
habit of selling Mediterranean species as shells of more southern
and distant latitudes, for the sake of enhancing their price. It
appears, moreover, from several hundred experiments made by that
distinguished hydrographer, Capt. Smith, on the water within
eight fathoms of the surface, that the temperature of the
Mediterranean is on an average 3-1/2 degrees of Fahrenheit higher
than the western part of the Atlantic ocean; an important fact,
which in some degree may help to explain why many species are
common to tropical latitudes and to the Mediterranean.

[94] Inquiry into the Original State and Formation of the Earth,
1778.

[95] Observ. on the Formation of Mountains. Act Petrop. ann.
1778, part i.

[96] Nov. comm. Petr. XVII. Cuvier, Eloge de Pallas.

[97] Cuvier, Eloge de Werner.

[98] I am indebted for this information partly to Messrs.
Sedgwick and Murchison, who have investigated the country, and