reenland has a negative anomaly in all months. The
Norwegian sea area is 45 deg. too warm in January and February. Siberia
has +10.8 deg. in summer, and -45 deg. in January. Between Bering Strait
and the pole there is a negative anomaly in all months. The influence of
the Gulf Stream drift is clearly seen on the chart, as it is also on
that of mean annual ranges.

For the North Pole Mohn gives the following results, obtained by graphic
methods:--

_Mean Temperatures at the North Pole._

+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
| Jan. | Feb. | Mar. | Apr. | May. | June. |
+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
| -41.8 | -41.8 | -31.0 | -18.4 | 8.6 | 28.4 |
| deg. | deg. | deg. | deg. | deg. | deg. |
+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+

+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+-------+
| July. | Aug. | Sept. | Oct. | Nov. | Dec. | Year. |
+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+-------+
| 30.2 | 26.6 | 8.6 | -11.2 | -27.4 | -36.4 | -8.9 |
| deg. | deg. | deg. | deg. | deg. | deg. | deg. |
+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+-------+

It appears that the region about the North Pole is the coldest place in
the northern hemisphere for the mean of the year, and that the interior
ice desert of Greenland, together with the inner polar area, are
together the coldest parts of the northern hemisphere in July. In
January, however, Verkhoyansk, in north-eastern Siberia, just within the
Arctic circle, has a mean temperature of about -60 deg., while the inner
polar area and the northern interior of Greenland have only -40 deg.. Thus
far no minima as low as those of north-eastern Siberia have been
recorded in the Arctic.

For the Antarctic our knowledge is still very fragmentary, and relates
chiefly to the summer months. Hann has determined the mean temperatures
of the higher southern latitudes as follows:--[6]

_Mean Temperatures of High Southern Latitudes._

S. Lat. 50 deg. 60 deg. 70 deg. 80 deg.
Mean Annual 41.9 28.4 11.3 -3.6
January 46.9 37.8 30.6 20.3
July 37.2 18.3 -8.0 -24.7

From lat. 70 deg. S. polewards, J. Hann finds that the southern hemisphere
is colder than the northern. Antarctic summers are decidedly cold. The
mean annual temperatures exper