poly, 3
The problems which monopoly presents, 4
An impartial investigation necessary, 4
The question to be discussed from different standpoints, 5
A scientific method for solving the problem, 5.

II. TRUSTS AND MONOPOLIES IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES 7
Definition of a trust, 7
The first trusts and their successors, 8
Description of the organization of the linseed-oil trust
by one of its founders, 9
The action of trust-makers perfectly natural, 14
Actual effect of trusts upon the public, 15
Profits of the linseed-oil trust, 16
Decreased market for goods controlled by trusts, 17
Control of the labor market by trusts, 17
The causes which have produced trusts, 18
Production on a large scale the most economical, 20
The Standard Oil Trust's defence of its work, 21
Its profits, and the cause of its low prices, 22
Industries in which trusts have been formed, 23
Andrew Carnegie's views of trusts, 24
The trust at once a benefit and a curse, 25.

III. MONOPOLIES OF MINERAL WEALTH 26
Mining, the first monopolized industry, 26
Monopolies in iron-ore production, 27
Monopolies in other metals, 28
The French Copper Syndicate, 29
The effect of its action on consumers of copper, 31
Profits of the richest copper mines, 32
Anthracite-coal production, 33
The anthracite-coal pool, 34
Coal monopolies in the West and South, 36
Monopolies in petroleum and natural gas, 40
Other monopolies of this class, 41.

IV. MONOPOLIES OF TRANSPORTATION AND COMMUNICATION 42
Transportation only a necessity in modern times, 42
The importance of railway traffic,