pledged to William II., 121;
recovered by Robert, 124;
conquered by Henry I., 125;
conquered by Geoffrey, 136;
Henry, Duke of, 137;
conquered by Philip II., 174, 176;
invaded by Edward III., 240;
conquered by Henry V., 303;
reconquered by the French, 320.

Normans favoured by Eadward, 87;
their style of architecture, 89.

Northampton, Archbishop Thomas called to account at, 145;
battle of, 326.

North-humberland, component parts of, 36;
united by AEthelric, 41;
divided by Penda, and re-united under Oswald, 47;
is again divided, but re-united under Oswiu, 48;
its relations with Ecgberht, 55;
overrun by the Danes, 58;
Danish kingdom in, 62, 63;
is amalgamated with England, 64;
its condition under Cnut, 84;
under Siward, 84, 87.

Northmen, their attacks on England, 56;
religion of, 57;
_see_ Danes.

Northumberland invaded by Malcolm Canmore, 119;
given to Henry, son of David I. 133;
recovered by Henry II., 140.

Northumberland, the Earl of, assists Henry IV., 284;
quarrels with Henry IV., 293;
imprisoned and pardoned, 294;
defeated and slain, 296.

Norwich, establishment of the see of, 107.

Nottingham, Anglian settlement at, 56;
seizure of Mortimer at, 232.

Nottingham, Earl of, opposes Richard II., 279;
is made Duke of Norfolk and banished, 283.

Oda, Archbishop, advocates the celibacy of the clergy, 65;
separates Eadwig and AElfgifu, 67.

Odo oppresses the English, 102;
is banished by William II., 115.

Offa, king of the Mercians, defeats the West Saxons at Bensington, 53;
his dyke, 54.

Olaf Trygvasson, 79, 80.

Oldcastle, Sir John, burnt as a Lollard, 300.

Old Sarum, earthworks of Sorbiodunum at, 34.

Ordainers, the Lords, 226.

Ordeal, system of, 32;
continued by Henry II., 146.

Ordovices, the, resist the Romans, 14.

Orleans, siege of, 309.

Orleans, Duke of, Charles, captured at Agincourt, 303;
ransomed, 315.

Orleans, Duke of, Louis, makes an alliance with Glendower, 295;
murdered, 296.

Ormond, Earl of, supports the Lancastrians, 346.

Osric governs Deira, 48.

Ostorius Scapula arrives in Britain, 13;
conquests of, 14.

Oswald, bishop of Worcester, 68.

Oswald, King of North-humberland, his greatness and piety, 47;
is slain at Maserfield, 48.

Oswini, his r