with his continual "gulp,
gulp!" is breathing--not drinking.

This remodeling starts at a very early period of our individual
existence. A horizontal ridge begins to grow out on either side of our
mouth-nose cavity, just above the roots of the teeth. This thickens and
widens into a pair of shelves, which finally, about the third month of
embryonic life, meet in the middle line to form the hard palate or roof
of the mouth, which forms also the floor of the nose. Failure of the two
shelves to meet properly causes the well-known "cleft-palate," and, if
this failure extends forward to the jaw, "hare-lip." In the growth of a
healthy child a balance is preserved between these lower and upper
compartments of the original mouth-nose cavity, and the nose above
growing as rapidly in depth and in breadth as the mouth below, the
horizontal partition between--the floor of the nose and the roof of the
mouth--is kept comparatively flat and level. In adenoids, however, the
nostrils no longer being adequately used, and consequently failing to
grow, and the mouth cavity below growing at the full normal rate, it is
not long before the mouth begins to encroach upon the nostrils by
pushing up the partition of the palate. As soon as this upward bulge of
the roof of the mouth occurs, then there is a diminution of the
resistance offered by the horizontal healthy palate to the continual
pressure of the muscles of the cheeks and of mastication upon the sides
of the upper jaw, the more readily as the tongue has dropped down from
its proper resting position up in the roof of the mouth. These are
pushed inward, the arch of the jaw and of the teeth is narrowed, the
front teeth are made to project, and, instead of erupting, with plenty
of room, in even, regular lines, are crowded against and overlap one
another.

When from any cause the lower jaw habitually hangs down, as in the open
mouth, it tends to be thrown slightly forward in its socket. Then, when
the jaws close again, the arches of the upper and lower teeth no longer
meet evenly. Instead of "locking" at almost every point, as they should,
they overlap, or fall behind, or inside, or outside, of each other. So
that instead of every tooth meeting its fellow of the jaw above evenly
and firmly, they strike at an angle, slip past or even miss one another,
and thus increase the already existing irregularity and overlapping.
Each individual tooth, missing its best stimulus to healthy growth and
vig