possessi de'Papi, p_. 539.]

[Footnote 27: According to Champollion, it was originally erected in
Heliopolis by Ramesses 7th son of the great Ramesses or Sesostris;
Pliny says by Nuncoreus son of Sesostris. Caligula transported it to
Rome, and placed it in the circus afterwards called Nero's, where it
remained standing till the time of Sixtus V.]

[Footnote 28: It was customary in Lent, says St. Audoenus, to cover
with a linen veil the tomb of Eligius to conceal the brightness of the
gold and the splendour of the gems". Vita S. Eligii l. 2. c. 40. Thus
does the church at this season put off her costly nuptial robes, and
vest herself in weeds of deepest mourning. The time for veiling the
crucifix and images has varied at different periods. The Saturday
before passion-sunday is now the first, and holy Saturday the last
day, of this observance.]

[Footnote 29: S. Isidore (A.D. 600.) observes, that acolythes are
called in Latin _Ceroferarii_ "from their carrying wax tapers when the
gospel is to be read or sacrifice is to be offered". In the eleventh
century Micrologus testifies "that Mass, according to the _Ordo
Romanus_, was never celebrated without lights, even in the day time,
as a type of the light of Christ". To this custom we shall recur in
the following chapter.]

[Footnote 30: Pietro de Marca maintains, that the crucifix borne
before the Pope was substituted in place of the _labarum_ or standard
carried before the emperors. That of Constantine had the form of a
cross, and was surmounted with XP the first letters of Christ's name,
Eus. In Vita Const. l. 4.]

[Footnote 31: I shall not speak of some ancient ceremonies of holy
week which have fallen into disuse, such as the custom of carrying the
gospel or the B. Sacrament in triumphant procession on Palm-Sunday,
and others alluded to by Cancellieri and described by Martene, De
Antiq. Eccl. Rit.]

[Footnote 32: In times of schism caused by antipopes it was a practice
of the utmost importance. Thus we read in Baronius' Annals A.D. 1160,
that when the antipope Cardinal Octavianus, who assumed the name of
Victor, had been illegitimately elected, the chapter of St. Peter's
came immediately to the feet of the said Pope Victor, and _obeyed_
"obedivit" and the clergy and people paid due reverence to him, and a
great multitude in like manner _obeyed_: "the rectors also came to his
feet, and paid _obedience_ and reverence". Then follows a long list of
the clergy of vario