ot pass underneath it; even if one
pass he is defiled. "If it occupy the public thoroughfare and one pass
beneath it?" "He is clean."

13. One may sow underneath it vegetables in winter, but not in summer. But
lettuce(457) must not be sown either in summer or winter. R. Jose said,
"not even vegetables in winter, since the leaves would fall upon them and
serve them for dung."

14. "Has one taken wood from it?" "Its wood is forbidden for every use."
"Has one heated an oven with it?" "If the oven be new it must be broken
down, and if old it must be cooled down." "Has one baked bread in it?"
"The use of the bread is forbidden." "Are the loaves mixed with other
loaves, and these again with others?" "The use of all the loaves is
forbidden." R. Eliezer said, "its value is to be cast into the Salt Sea."
The Sages replied to him, "there is no redemption for idolatry." "Has one
made out of such a tree a weaver's shuttle?" "Its use is forbidden." "Has
one woven a garment with it?" "The use of the garment is forbidden." "Is
the garment mixed with other garments, and these again with others?" "The
use of all the garments is forbidden." Rabbi Eleazar said, "its value is
to be cast into the Salt Sea." The Sages replied to him, "there is no
redemption for idolatry."

15. "How is the tree to be desecrated?" "Has the idolater broken off dry
bark, or green boughs; has he taken from it a staff, or a twig, or even a
leaf--it is desecrated." "Has he trimmed it for the sake of the tree?" "It
is forbidden." "Has he trimmed it, but not for the sake of the tree?" "It
is allowed."

Chapter IV

1. Rabbi Ishmael said, "three stones(458) beside each other at the side of
the image of Mercury are forbidden, but two are allowed." But the Sages
say, "when they are within his view they are forbidden, but when they are
not within his view they are allowed."

2. "Has one found money on his head, a garment, or implements which are
not offerings?" "They are allowed." Festoons of grapes, wreaths of ears of
corn, and wines, and oils, and fine flour, and everything similar offered
on his altar are forbidden.

3. A garden or a bath for idolatry is permitted for use when it is
gratuitous. But neither is to be used if a present for the worship of the
idol be expected. If it be in partnership with others that are not so
employed, either can be used, whether it be with the expectation of a
present or gratuitous. The idol of idolaters is at once forbidd