r, _Primitive Culture_, i, 78, etc. For South
Africa cf. Callaway, _The Amasulu_, Index, s.vv. _Omens_,
_Divination_, _Diviners_; Kidd, _The Essential Kafir_,
Index, s.v. _Divining_; article "Bantu" in Hastings,
_Encyclopaedia of Religion and Ethics_, p. 362.

[1608] 2 Sam. v, 24.

[1609] Jastrow, _Religion of Babylonia and Assyria_ (Eng.
and Ger. edd.), in which references to the original
documents are given.

[1610] [Greek: ornis, oionos]. _Iliad_, ii, 859; xii, 237;
xxiv, 219; Hesiod, _Works and Days_, 826; cf.
Bouche-Leclercq, _Histoire de la divination dans
l'antiquite_, i, 127 ff.

[1611] _Birds_, 715 ff.

[1612] _Iliad_, xii, 243.

[1613] In Borneo, which has an elaborate scheme of omens
from birds, prayer is sometimes addressed to them. Furness,
_Home life of the Borneo Head-hunters_, Index, s.v. _Omen_;
Haddon, _Head-hunters_, p. 344.

[1614] The sacrificial animal was regarded as divine, and
its movements had the significance of divine counsels.

[1615] Terence, _Phormio_, IV, iv, 25 ff.

[1616] Frazer, _Totemism and Exogamy_, ii, 137; Tylor,
_Primitive Culture_, i, 119 f.; Miss Fletcher, _Indian
Ceremonies_, p. 278 ff.

[1617] Jastrow, _Religion of Babylonia and Assyria_, p. 384
ff.

[1618] Turner, _Samoa_, p. 319; Rivers, _The Todas_, p. 593;
Hollis, _The Nandi_, p. 100, and _The Masai_, p. 275 ff.

[1619] On the exaggerated range and importance ascribed by
some modern writers to early conceptions of the divinatory
function of heavenly bodies see above, Sec.Sec. 826, 866 ff.

[1620] Erman, _Handbook of Egyptian Religion_, pp. 163, 180.

[1621] Jastrow, _Aspects of Religious Belief and Practice in
Babylonia and Assyria_, p. 240 ff.; R. F. Harper, _Assyrian
and Babylonian Literature_, p. 451 ff.

[1622] Persius, vi, 18.

[1623] Cicero, _De Divinatione_, ii, 42 ff.

[1624] The largest planet was brought into connection with
the chief god of Babylon, Marduk; the bright star of morning
and evening with Ishtar; the red planet with Nergal, god of
war, and the others with Ninib and Nebo respectively. The
Romans changed these names into those of their corresponding
deities, Jupiter, Venus, Mars, Saturn, and Mercury.

[1625] Cumont, _Les religions orientales dans le paganisme
romain_, chap. vii, and Eng. tr., _The Oriental Religions in
Roman Paganism_; id., _Astrology and Religion among the
Greeks