" long, generally glabrous on both
surfaces but with a finely serrate, ciliate margin; total leaf size
ranging from 8-15" for mature leaves.

FLOWERS--(a) _female_--occurring in 2 to several flowered spikes,
with a one-celled ovary, about 1/4 to 1/3 inch long covered with
tomentum; flowers rusty to yellowish green in color; stigma with two
stigmatic lobes; bracts much longer than the lateral bractlets. (b)
_male_--in three parted or branched aments, each flower usually
containing 4 stamens with a 2 or a 3 lobed calyx; aments 3-4" long
with glandular hairs.

FRUIT--oval, globose or pear shaped, consisting of a woody husk 1/4
to 1/2" thick breaking usually along 4 lines of suture exposing a
flattened nut generally 4 ridged, smooth or slightly roughened;
usually white or cream in color, seed sweet with 2 cotyledons.

RESULTS OF FIELD OBSERVATIONS

BARK--Most of the shagbark hickory trees observed were found to have
a smoke-gray, shaggy bark from 20 years of age to maturity. However,
among the 158 individual hickory trees observed, there were found 7
trees which had a bark much more blackish than the normal shagbark
type and with closely furrowed bark consisting of inter-lacing scaly
ridges more similar in character to that of _Carya ovalis_
(Wangenh.) Sarg.

The trees found growing under timberland conditions rather than as
open field or hedgerow trees did not have the characteristic shaggy
bark except for the upper trunk which had been exposed to the
weather conditions of the forest canopy. Where the trunks of the
trees were somewhat protected from direct rays of the sun and force
of the wind, the bark was smooth, gray and but slightly plated with
none of the shagginess typical of open field grown shagbark.

BUDS AND TWIGS--The buds of shagbark were observed to divide
themselves into two general groups based upon terminal bud shapes
and two more groups based upon the sizes of the attenuated apex of
the outermost bud scales. In all cases the bud scales were observed
to be pubescent though the degree of pubescence varied considerably
in the outer scales only.

The two general bud shapes were globose-ovate and narrowly
elliptical. The broadly oval (Fig. 1a) type of buds were smaller,
generally under 1/2 inch in length while the elliptical (Fig. 1b)
type of buds were us