soil medium and lowering the
temperature. All of the plants were dead when they were inspected in
March.

The next year a bottom-heated cold frame was equipped with fog nozzles.
The soil medium was white, washed, building sand. Softwood cuttings,
treated the same as the previous year, were inserted on August 20.
Cuttings from juvenile American chestnut seedling trees, juvenile
Chinese trees, and mature Chinese trees were used. Within a 70 day
period heavy root systems were formed on 54-6/11% of the cuttings from
the juvenile Chinese trees, 50% from mature Chinese trees, and 20% from
juvenile American trees. No nutrient solution was applied, the young
plants were transplanted to a sandy soil in another cold frame, were
hardened as during the previous year, but the soil medium was not
allowed to freeze during the winter. In April the plants showed
well-formed terminal buds starting to swell and turn green. Some were
transplanted into pots and placed in the greenhouse; others were
transplanted into a light soil in a lath house. All died subsequent to
transplanting. Inspection of the roots showed severe breakage. It was
concluded that repeated transplanting had been fatal, and that in the
future cuttings would be rooted in plant bands or pots and transplanted
only once.

It is too early in the current season for accurate results to be
recorded. However, modifications have been tried and observations made.
These are presented here in outline.

_Type of cutting:_

a. Cuttings with soft, growing tips will apparently root more
quickly than hardened shoots, but the leaves tend to turn brown and
the plant dies. Conversely, cuttings from short, lateral growth,
well-hardened, will retain their leaves better and eventually show
a higher percentage of success.

b. Cuttings made from the basal and intermediary sections of long
shoots show a greater death incidence than do well-hardened,
terminal sections. Both types root satisfactorily.

c. Apparently sucker shoots and water sprouts are useless.

_Time of taking cuttings:_

a. Cuttings taken in late May, with soft growing tips, rooted
quickly--some within two weeks. On the other hand, their foliage
darkened quickly, and death followed. Short, lateral shoots,
well-hardened, were not available in May.

b. As the season progressed, the percentage of rooted cuttings with
healthy foliage appar