flower-stem of an
annual plant, not a grass, as of a primrose or
dandelion 147

VII. THE FILUM.--The running stem of a creeping
plant

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It is not specified in the text for use; but will be necessary;
so also, perhaps, the Stelechos, or stalk proper (26),
the branched stem of an annual plant, not a grass; one
cannot well talk of the Virga of hemlock. The 'Stolon'
is explained in its classical sense at page 158, but I believe
botanists use it otherwise. I shall have occasion
to refer to, and complete its explanation, in speaking of
bulbous plants.
#/

VIII. THE CAUDEX.--The essentially ligneous and
compact part of a stem 149

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This equivocal word is not specified for use in the text,
but I mean to keep it for the accumulated stems of inlaid
plants, palms, and the like; for which otherwise we have
no separate term.
#/

IX. THE AVENA.--Not specified in the text at all;
but it will be prettier than 'baculus,' which is
that I had proposed, for the 'staff' of grasses.
See page 179.

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These ten names are all that the student need remember;
but he will find some interesting particulars respecting
the following three, noticed in the text:---
#/

STIPS.--The origin of stipend, stupid, and stump 148

STIPULA.--The subtlest Latin term for straw 148

CAULIS (Kale).--The peculiar stem of branched eatable
vegetables 149

CANNA.--Not noticed in the text; but likely to be
sometimes useful for the stronger stems of
grasses.

III. THE LEAF.

Derivation of word 26

The Latin form 'folium' 41

The Greek form 'petalos' 42

Veins and ribs of leaves, to be usually summed under
the term 'rib' 44

Chemistry of leaves 46
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The nomenclature of the leaf consists, in botanical
books, of little more than barbarous, and, for the general
reader, totally useless attempts to describe their
forms in Latin. But their forms are infinite and indescribable
except by the pencil. I will give central types of
form in the next volume of Proserpina; which, s