rom France, and
obtained their readmission. But in their doctrinal controversy with the
Dominicans (see MOLINA, LUIS) he refrained from a decision, being
unwilling to offend either party. Under Clement the publication of the
revised edition of the Vulgate, begun by Sixtus V., was finished; the
Breviary, Missal and Pontifical received certain corrections; the Index
was expanded; the Vatican library enlarged; and the Collegium
Clementinum founded. Clement was an unblushing nepotist; three of his
nephews he made cardinals, and to one of them gradually surrendered the
control of affairs. But on the other hand among those whom he promoted
to the cardinalate were such men as Baronius, Bellarmine and Toledo.
During this pontificate occurred the burning of Giordano Bruno for
heresy; and the tragedy of the Cenci (see the respective articles).
Clement died on the 5th of March 1605, and was succeeded by Leo XI.

See the contemporary life by Ciaconius, _Vitae et res gestae summorum
Pontiff. Rom._ (Rome, 1601-1602); Francolini, _Ippolito Aldobrandini,
che fu Clemente VIII._ (Perugia, 1867); Ranke's excellent sketch,
_Popes_ (Eng. trans. Austin), ii. 234 seq.; v. Reumont, _Gesch. der
Stadt Rom_, iii. 2, 599 seq.; Brosch, _Gesch. des Kirchenstaates_
(1880), i. 301 seq. (T. F. C.)

CLEMENT IX. (Giulio Rospigliosi) was born in 1600, became successively
auditor of the Rota, archbishop of Tarsus _in partibus_, and cardinal,
and was elected pope on the 20th of June 1667. He effected a temporary
adjustment of the Jansenist controversy; was instrumental in concluding
the peace of Aix-la-Chapelle (1668); healed a long-standing breach
between the Holy See and Portugal; aided Venice against the Turks, and
laboured unceasingly for the relief of Crete, the fall of which hastened
his death on the 9th of October 1669.

See Oldoin, continuator of Ciaconius, _Vitae et res gestae summorum
Pontiff. Rom._; Palazzi, _Gesta Pontiff. Rom._ (Venice, 1687-1688),
iv. 621 seq. (both contemporary); Ranke, _Popes_ (Eng. trans. Austin),
iii. 59 seq.; and v. Reumont, _Gesch. der Stadt Rom_, iii. 2, 634 seq.
(T.F.C.)

CLEMENT X. (Emilio Altieri) was born in Rome, on the 13th of July 1590.
Before becoming pope, on the 29th of April 1670 he had been auditor in
Poland, governor of Ancona, and nuncio in Naples. His advanced age
induced him to resign the control of affairs to his adopted nephew,
Cardinal Paluzzi, who embroiled the papacy