cing, as if at the point of the
bayonet, a great, new truth upon the stolidity of the colleges. The
simple truth of fibrous structure in the brain, now known to every
tyro in anatomy, was contested in the days of Gall and Spurzheim, and
had to be enforced by public dissection in an Edinburgh amphitheatre.
With the same unreasoning stolidity the doctrine of the multiplicity
of organs in the brain was shunned, evaded, or denied, though it would
seem idiotic for any physiologist to assume such a position (by
suppressing his own common sense) when the aim of all modern
investigations of the brain is to discover different functions in
different parts.

The great doctrine of the multiplicity of cerebral organs, introduced
by Gall, could not be suppressed or ignored among those who
investigate the brain in any manner. All modern investigators tacitly
recognize it, for none could so stultify themselves as to assume the
brain to be a homogeneous unit in either structure or functions, while
seeking to discover the peculiar functions of each part. Thus his
fundamental ideas are adopted by his opponents, and step by step they
will be compelled to admit his general correctness, and his grand
services as the pioneer in the highest department of science, the most
prolific in important results to mankind. "Every honest and erudite
anatomist," says Sir Samuel Solly in his standard work on the anatomy
of the brain, "must acknowledge that we are indebted mainly to Gall
and Spurzheim for the improvements which have been made in our mode of
studying the brain. For my own part, I most cheerfully acknowledge
that the interest which I derived from the lectures of Dr. Spurzheim
at St. Thomas' Hospital about the years 1822 and 1823, has been the
inciting cause of all the labor which for above twenty years I have at
intervals devoted to this subject."

The organ of language, his first discovery, located at the junction of
the front and middle lobes, has been the first to receive the general
recognition of the medical profession, because it is easy to recognize
its failures in disease, and the morbid condition of its organ.

Its general recognition by physiologists now is not usually
accompanied by any reference to Gall as its discoverer. They are
probably not aware that he located it correctly, because he referred
so much to its external sign in the prominence of the eyes. This
prominence of the eyes indicates development of the brain at the b