it, whose books on the Trinity
appeared about 416, and later.
Moreover the 'Filioque[1]' appears in it, and S. Augustine was the
first to give this prominence.
Thus the date is fixed between 420 and 440.
And it is Latin, in the construction of its Sentences, not Greek; and
Gallic, in its first reception, and chief, earliest, and most numerous,
MSS and commentaries.
The Roman Church did not adopt it till 930, though Charlemagne
presented it to the Pope in 722.
Thus Waterland dates it in France between 420 and 431. Within those
dates the authors possible are, not Athanasius, for he died about 373,
but
Hilary of Arles, Bp. 429-449.
Victricius of Rouen.
Vincentius of Lerins, 434.
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These arguments apply, however, not to the Creed as it now stands, but
to the documents from which it was compounded, and to the language
which it has retained.
This Psalm, or Creed, or discussion of the Creeds, appears to be formed
by the union of two documents, one of which was a discussion of the
nature of God, and the other a discussion of the Person of Christ. An
article by Professor Lumby in the S.P.C.K. Prayer Book will be
accessible to all our readers. The former document occupies 28, and
the latter, 14 verses.
The doctrine that there is a God, and particularly that there is but
one God, may be called the Catholic Religion, in a very wide sense: for
it is held by Jews, Turks, and many others who are not Christians.
The Christian Verity is the Truth that God was made man, that Jesus is
God and Man, yet not two, but one Christ. This involves the Doctrine
of the Holy Trinity.
The Catholic Faith includes both the Catholic Religion and the
Christian Verity.
_vv._ 9 and 12: the word _incomprehensible_ is the Latin word
_immensus_, elsewhere rendered _infinite_. (See Article I.) _vv._
21-23 show that there are statements which can be made of each Person,
which cannot be made of the other Persons of the Godhead: 6-18 have
been showing that there are statements which can be made of each
Person, which can also be made of the other Persons--statements
involving Godhead. 24-27 state the inference which is to be drawn from
the former verses, an inference previously stated in 3-5.
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_v._ 31. The word Substance occurs frequently in the discussion of the
Godhead of our Lord, and also in the debates about the Holy Communion.
Substance is the Essential Existence: it has no necessary connection
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