is rod should be covered, in the first place with a thick layer of tow
and then with flannel or cloth.

On the left side of the cylinder is a cog-wheel and a metal spring is
attached to the board, by means of which the wheel is prevented from
turning the wrong way.

Fig. 776 shows how the bobbins are placed upon the pillow. In Normandy a
kind of stuffed box is used instead of a pillow. The board is 3 c/m.
higher behind than in front and is deeply grooved to hold the cylinder,
which is stuffed and shaped like the one represented in fig. 775.

This cylinder scarcely projects above the stand, a second groove in the
back edge receives the lace as it is worked off the cylinder.

The pillows used for Valenciennes lace are of again a different
construction, but as it is not our intention in the present work to
describe the finer kinds of lace it appeared superfluous to give any
illustration of the pillows on which they are made.

[Illustration: FIG. 777. THE BOBBIN (Jamnig's patent).]

THE BOBBINS (fig. 777).--A bobbin is a sort of little wooden spool
with a handle to it; there are several varieties of them but we have
confined ourselves to a representation of the kind considered best for
beginners.

As a considerable number are wanted for every pattern and they are apt
to slip about and get entangled in inexperienced hands, they are now to
be had with the handles weighted with lead to steady them and counteract
any independent motion of their own. We cannot help again laying great
stress on the importance of seeing that the size of the bobbins and the
number of the cotton be well assorted to the kind of lace.

THE WINDER (fig. 778).--Every one who means to take the work seriously
should provide themselves with a winder, as here represented, which is
affixed to a polished wooden stand.

This stand has to be firmly screwed to the table and the bobbin is
squeezed in between the two little rods fitted into the supports at the
left end of the stand; one of these rods serves as the axle to the
little wheel, the other can be drawn in and out and fitted to the length
of the bobbin.

[Illustration: FIG. 778. THE WINDER (Jamnig's patent).]

When the bobbin is fixed in its place, you take the thread in the left
hand and wind it round it, turning the wheel with the right hand from
right to left in the direction indicated by the arrow.

The thread is wound round the handles of the bobbins that are used for
making very fine l