nt _b_ and
put it in again between the pair at the same place = enclose the pin
with a half passing = 1 half passing with the 2nd and 1st pair = put up
a pin at point 1 = enclose the pin = 1 half passing with the 4th and 5th
pair = take out the pin at point _l_ and put it in again between the
pairs at the same place = enclose the needle = 1 half passing with the
4th and 3rd pair = put up a pin at point 2 = enclose the needle = 1 half
passing with the 3rd and 2nd pair = put up a pin at point 3 = enclose
the needle = 1 half passing with the 3rd and 4th pair = 1 half passing
with the 2nd and 1st pair = put up a needle at point 4 = enclose the
needle = work point _d_ like point _c_ with the 6th and 7th pair = 1
half passing with the 6th and 5th pair = put up a pin at point 5 =
enclose the pin = work over point _e_ like point _d_ with the 7th and
8th pair = 1 half passing with the 7th and 6th pair = put up a pin at
point 6 = enclose the pin = 1 half passing with the 6th and 5th pair =
put up a pin at point 7 = enclose the pin = 1 half passing with the 6th
and 7th pair = lay the 2 pairs aside = 1 half passing with the 5th and
4th pair, by which the threads are made to cross each other in the
square = work over point _f_ as over point _e_ with the 10th and 11th
pair = work over points 17 to 19 as over points 5 to 7 = when the square
is finished 1 half passing with the 10th and 11th pair = half passings
between all the squares.

[Illustration: FIG. 795. TULLE GROUND.]

TULLE GROUND (fig. 795).--Prepare your pattern for the ground
represented here on a magnified scale, by pricking holes at regular
distances so as to form diagonal lines intersecting each other, as shown
in the engraving, and set more or less closely together, according to
the thickness of the thread you use.

1 half passing = put up the pin at the next point, twist both pairs
twice, but without enclosing the pin, and pass the inner left thread
over the inner left one = twist the two pairs again = cross as before
and so on.

VALENCIENNES GROUND (fig. 796).--The Valenciennes ground is formed of
little plaits for which 2 pairs of bobbins are used. These plaits are
often used in other kinds of lace as well, as may be seen for instance
in figs. 801, 802 and 806 which are not Valenciennes patterns.

[Illustration: FIG. 796. VALENCIENNES GROUND.]

[Illustration: FIG. 797. BRUSSELS GROUND.]

According to the size of the squares the plaits are made with either 4,