his theory was not the real motive behind
the Doctrine. That motive was the unwillingness of the United States
to have strong, military nations in its immediate vicinity.

[6] A failure to meet the requirements of the industrial nations does
not necessarily involve a complete extinction of political
independence. Any measure of control, any merely reserved right, such
as the United States retains in Cuba, may suffice for the purpose.

[7] "Food, drink, tobacco, raw materials and produce and articles
mainly unmanufactured."

[8] Owing to differences in method of classification, these comparisons
are only approximate.

[9] The _Independent_, Oct. 11, 1915.

[10] For a brilliant statement of the growing significance of tropical
products, see Benjamin Kidd, "The Control of the Tropics," New York,
1898, especially Part I.

[11] "Tropical Agriculture," New York and London, 1916, p. 33.

[12] The case is analogous to that of the operation of cotton mills in
the South. Despite low wages and brutal exploitation of children, the
introduction of these mills has automatically raised the standard of
living, but the goal desired was not this but the quickest possible
making of profits.

[13] "No false philanthropy or race-theory," writes Prof. Paul
Rohrbach, one of the more humane of the German imperialists, "can prove
to reasonable people that the preservation of any tribe of nomadic
South African Kaffirs or their primitive cousins on the shores of Lakes
Kiwu or Victoria is more important for the future of mankind than the
expansion of the great European nations, or the white races as a whole.
Should the German people renounce the chance of growing stronger and
more serviceable, and of securing elbow room for their sons and
daughters, because fifty or three hundred years ago some tribe of
negroes exterminated its predecessors or expelled them or sold them
into slavery, and has since lived its useless existence on a strip of
land where ten thousand German families may have a flourishing
existence, and thus strengthen the very sap and force of our
people?"--Rohrbach, "German World Policies" ("Der deutsche Gedanke in
der Welt.") Translated by Edmund von Mach. New York (Macmillan), 1915
(pp. 141-2.)

[14] Prof. Paul S. Reinsch, from whose admirable books I have drawn
extensively in this description of colonial labour, rescues from
undeserved oblivion an article by the Rev. C. Usher Wilson on "The
Native Question and Irr