variety of the Canada Jay. Its eggs cannot be
distinguished from those of any of the others of the genus.

485. Oregon Jay. _Perisoreus obscurus obscurus._

Range.--Mountain ranges from northern California to British Columbia.

These birds are very similar to _canadensis_ but have the whole
underparts white. Like the Canada Jays they appear to be wholly fearless
and pay little or no attention to the presence of mankind. Their nesting
habits and eggs are the same as the preceding except that they have
generally been found nesting near the tops of tall fir trees. Size of
eggs, 1.05 x .80.

[Illustration 311: NEST AND EGGS OF CANADA JAY SHOWING CONSTRUCTION.]
[Illustration right hand margin.]

Page 310

[Illustration 312: YOUNG CROWS]

Page 311

485a. GRAY JAY. _Perisoreus obscurus griseus._

Range.--British Columbia to northern California, east of the coast
ranges.

This bird is said to be larger and grayer than the preceding.

486. RAVEN. _Corvus corax sinuatus._

Range.--North America west of the Rockies and from British Columbia
southward.

The Raven is like a very large Crow, length 24 inches, but has the
feathers on the neck lengthened and stiffened. Their habits are similar
to those of the Crow, but more dignified, and they remain mated for
life. Besides grasshoppers and worms, they feed largely upon animal
matter such as lizards, shell fish, frogs, eggs and young of birds, and
carrion. They nest on ledges of high inaccessible cliffs or the tops of
tall trees, making large nests of sticks lined with smaller ones and
hair or wool; the eggs are laid in April or May, number from four to
seven, and are light greenish in color, blotched with umber and drab.
Size 1.95 x 1.25.

486a. NORTHERN RAVEN. _Corvus corax principalis._

Range.--Eastern North America chiefly north of the United States and
northwest to Alaska; south on some of the higher ranges to Georgia.

This variety is like the last but is larger. They are not nearly as
abundant as the western form and are very rare within the United States.
A few pairs still breed on some of the rocky islands off the coast of
Maine; more off New Brunswick and Newfoundland, and they are quite
common on the cliffs of Labrador and Alaska. Their nesting habits and
eggs are like those of the last.

487. WHITE-NECKED RAVEN. _Corvus cryptoleucus._

Range.--Mexico and the border of the United States; north to eastern
Kansas.

This small Raven is of abo