lled _ends_) and the
number of threads to the inch in the filling (called _picks_). Verify
with foot-rule.

2. Repeat the above, using serge.

_Questions_

1. What is meant by a number of "ends to the inch"? a number of "picks
to the inch"?

2. How many ends to the inch in the burlap? How many picks to the
inch?

3. How many ends to the inch in the serge? How many picks?

4. Note several differences between cloth produced by plain weaving
and cloth produced by twill weaving.

=Experiment 5--Pile Weave=

Apparatus: Hand loom, two pencils, scissors.
Materials: White cotton warp, filling yarn of two colors.
Reference: _Textiles_, page 62.

_Directions_

1. Thread the loom two warp threads to a notch until there are 20 ends
(warp threads).

2. Use a pencil as a harness. Raise the 1st, 3d, 5th, 7th, and 9th
sets of warp threads.

3. Fasten securely the green filling yarn at one end and pass it
through the shed formed by carrying out Direction 2. Draw the filling
thread tight and wind once or twice around the outside warp end.

4. Use a second pencil as a harness and raise the sets of warp threads
that are now down, forming a new shed.

5. Fasten the red filling yarn at one end and pass it through the
shed. Wind once or twice about the outside warp end.

6. Raise the red filling to form a loop in each place where it (the
red filling) has passed over a warp end.

7. Form a shed by raising the first harness and pass through the green
filling thread, drawing it tight to hold the red filling above it in
place. Wind about the outside warp end.

8. Repeat Directions 2-7 several times, each time raising the red
filling to form loops and each time drawing the green filling tight to
hold the red in place.

9. Cut with scissors the loops formed by raising the red filling.

10. As well as you can with scissors, shear the pile (the soft, thick
covering on the face) to make a fairly even surface.

11. Cut the sample away from the loom and mount.

_Questions_

1. What are some varieties of cloth that are woven with a pile
surface?

2. Sometimes the loops of the pile are cut and sometimes left as
loops. What fabrics are examples of cut pile? uncut pile?

3. What is meant by the _pile_ of velvet or carpet?

=Experiment 6--Other Classes of Weave=

Apparatus: Pick glass, dissecting needle.
Materials: Samples of satin, voile, lace curtaining, double cloth,
carpet