isters
the finances of the university. There are boards for each of the various
faculties, and a General Board of Studies, with the vice-chancellor at
the head. There are university professors, readers or lecturers in a
large number of subjects. The oldest professorship is the Lady Margaret
professorship of divinity, instituted by the founders of Christ's and St
John's Colleges in 1502. In 1540 Henry VIII. founded the regius
professorships of divinity, civil law, physic, Hebrew and Greek.

College organization--undergraduates.

The head of a college generally bears the title of master, as indicated
above in the account of the several colleges. It has also seen that the
foundation of each college includes a certain number of fellows and
scholars. The affairs of the college are managed by the head and the
fellows, or a committee of fellows. The scholars and other members _in
statu pupillari_ are generally termed collectively undergraduates. Those
who receive no emoluments (and therefore pay the full fees) are
technically called pensioners, and form the bulk of the undergraduates.
Another group of students receiving emoluments are termed sizars; the
primary object of sizarships is to open the university course to men of
limited means. The title of fellow-commoners belongs to wealthy students
who pay special fees and have the right of dining at the fellows'
tables. This class has virtually ceased to exist. As regards his work,
the undergraduate in college is under the intimate direction of his
tutor; the disciplinary officer in college is the dean. Besides the
foundation scholarships in each college there are generally certain
scholarships and exhibitions founded by private or special benefactions;
these are frequently awarded for the encouragement of specific branches
of study, or are confined wholly, or by preference, to students from
certain schools.

Residence and examinations.

The total number of students is about 3000. The colleges cannot
accommodate this number, so that a student commonly spends some part of
his residence in lodgings, which are licensed by, and under the control
of, the university authorities. Such residence implies no sacrifice of
membership of a college. There are three terms--Michaelmas (October),
Lent and Easter (summer). They include together not less than 227 days,
though the actual period of residence for undergraduates is about 24
weeks annually. Undergraduates usually begin resi