be often found sufficient to key the
whole,--placed at the opposing angle on the side opposite the darkest
part.

The outline of an object we would bring most forward should come out
_cutting_ and strong from its surrounding shadow, while the other masses
will retire in proportion to the absence of the opposition of _density_
employed in preventing their approach. It may not be impossible that
these few words convey the impression of what we mostly intend.

The small and immaterial lights, catching the edges of objects carried
into the shadow, are of the greatest usefulness in giving depth and
intensity to it, while they assist the work by carrying the
communicating medium through it.

Carrying the shadow across the _middle_ of the subject is attended with
many advantages; among which are, bringing the foreground into extreme
vigour; furnishing ourselves with greater facilities in getting away the
background; and more readily obtaining distance and repose by blending
the horizon with the clouds; while the figures are brought up in cutting
relief against it. (_Plate 3._)

A mass of landscape in middle tint--such as a broken common, fields,
clumps of foliage, &c.--sweeping across the picture at a third, or
little more, its height from the bottom, with a bold tree or group
printing its dark form on the lightest part of the sky, and lifting
itself from a bright sunny bank laid on the bottom edge of the design,
carried on by a dark object or two, with cutting lights and intense
shadows in the weeds, stones, &c., of the foreground to support it, the
clouds graduating upwards from the horizon and mingling with the middle
space at the opposite side of the principal group, seems to have been a
favourite arrangement with Gaspar Poussan, Cuyp, and many of the Dutch,
as at present it is with Turner, and many of the modern,--offering great
advantages from the numerous scenes in nature for ever opening to our
view through the broad masses of shadow, flung from the passing clouds
across the country, and possessing every variety of tint, sobered and
covered down by the extent and transparency of the shadows, while the
brilliant lights come out with all the vigorous warmth the sun invests
them with.

A walk into the fields, or across a heath, can scarcely be taken, when
the clouds are floating along, without an effect corresponding with this
being seen. A part of the principal group will sometimes be in light
while the rest is in