G. 148.--Floret of _Gaillardia_, showing leafy shoot
occupying the place of the ovule.]

From this occasional elongation of the nucleus, as well as from the
foliar nature of the ovular coats, Prof. Alex. Braun arrives at the
conclusion that the ovule is to be looked on as a bud, the ovular
coatings, so often variable in number, representing the scales of the
bud, the nucleus corresponding to the end of the axis or growing point.
Griffith had previously expressed the same opinion from his observations
on malformed ovules of _Sinapis_ and _Lonicera_, while Caspary's
conclusions from the foliaceous ovules of _Trifolum repens_ are somewhat
similar. The latter observer considers that the funiculus, with the
integuments, is the equivalent of a leaflet, the petiolule or midrib of
which answers to the funiculus, and its hollow expansion to the
integument. The nucleus itself is considered to be a new formation
analogous to a shoot.

M. van Tieghem's conclusion[278] from the examination, of flowers of
_Tropaeolum majus_, in which the ovules were replaced by perfect peltate
leaves, is that the ovules are foliar productions springing, not
directly from a prolonged floral axis, as in _Primulaceae_, but from
branches of the axis arising from the axils of the carpellary leaves.

Phyllody of the ovules has been met with most often in the following
species:

*Aquilegia vulgaris!
Skinneri.
Delphinium crassicaule.
elatum.
dictyocarpum.
Ajacis.
Nigella damascena.
Adonis autumnalis.
Cheiranthus Cheiri!
Nasturtium, sp.
Sisymbrium officinale!
Brassica napus!
* olcracea!
*Alliaria officinalis!
Sinapis arvensis!
Turritis, sp.
Thlaspi arvense.
Erucastrum Pollichii.
Stellaria media.
*Reseda lutea.
Drosera intermedia.
Agrostemma Githago.
Stellaria media.
Triumfetta, sp.!
Tropaeolum majus!
Dictamnus albus.
Fraxinella!
Caram carui
Pastinaca sativa.
Torilis anthriscus.
Thysselinum palustre.
Epilobium palustre.
Rosa, sp.
Fragaria alpina.
*Trifolium repens!
Medicago maculata.
Desmodium canadense.
Melilotus macrorhiza.
Lonicera, sp.
Gaillardia!
Crepis, sp.
Phyteuma odorata.
Symphytum Zeyheri.
* officinale.
Stachys sylvatica.
Anagallia arvensis.
phoenicea.
Lysimachia ephemerum.
*Primula sinensis!
Auricula.
praenitens.
Gilia glomeruliflora.