to the ordinary organs of
the plant, what are termed the accessory organs, such as hairs, spines,
&c., sometimes become foliaceous. It is not to be wondered at that
spines, when they represent the framework of a leaf, become sometimes
clothed with cellular tissue, and thus become indeed true leaves. This
happens occasionally in _Berberis;_ a similar thing occurs in the
stipules of some _Leguminosae_; the scales of some begonias; the tendrils
of _Bignonia_, _Cobaea_, &c.

The presence of two small green laminae on the outer side of the two
posterior stamens in _Antirrhinum majus_ has also been met with. The
adventitious organs appeared as if they were developments from the
thalamus--a kind of foliaceous disc, in fact.

[Illustration: FIG. 149.--Leafy petal of _Epilobium_.]

[Illustration: FIG. 150.--Chloranthy, &c. _Epilobium hirsutum_.]

=Chloranthy.=--The term phyllomorphy is applied to the individual parts
of the flower which assume the form and appearance of leaves. By
chloranthy it is to be understood that all, or the great majority of the
organs of the flower assume these conditions.[280] In chloranthy, as
here defined, there is no unusual number of buds, as there is in
prolification, but the appearance of the flower-bud is so changed as to
make it resemble more closely a leaf-bud than a flower-bud. There is not
necessarily any increase in the number, or any alteration in the
position of the buds, but the form and appearance of the latter differ
from what is usual. Chloranthy, then, is a more complete form of
frondescence. Owing to the vagueness with which the word has been
applied by various authors, it becomes very difficult to ascertain
whether the recorded instances of chloranthy were really illustrations
of what is here meant by that term, or whether they were cases of mere
virescence (green colour, without other perceptible change), or of
prolification (formation of adventitious buds). It is, therefore, quite
possible that some of the instances to be now mentioned were not
strictly cases of chloranthy.

[Illustration: FIG. 151.--_a._ Open leafy carpel of "green rose," with
two deformed ovules. _b._ Ovule separate. _c._ Primine removed. _d._
Secondine and nucleus, with the bulbous end that projects through the
micropyle.]

Seringe[281] has described a malformation in _Diplotaxis tenuifolia_ in
which all the floral organs were replaced by sixteen distinct leaflets
which had preserved their proper relativ