by a
catch, to be set free when the beast treads on it. Being wary brutes,
they are still very numerous. One got frightened by the ship, as she was
steaming close to the bank. In its eager hurry to escape it rushed on
shore, and ran directly under a trap, when down came the heavy beam on
its back, driving the poisoned spear-head a foot deep into its flesh. In
its agony it plunged back into the river, to die in a few hours, and
afterwards furnished a feast for the natives. The poison on the spear-
head does not affect the meat, except the part around the wound, and that
is thrown away. In some places the descending beam is weighted with
heavy stones, but here the hard heavy wood is sufficient.

"She is leaking worse than ever forward, sir, and there is a foot of
water in the hold," was our first salutation on the morning of the 20th.
But we have become accustomed to these things now; the cabin-floor is
always wet, and one is obliged to mop up the water many times a day,
giving some countenance to the native idea that Englishmen live in or on
the water, and have no houses but ships. The cabin is now a favourite
breeding-place for mosquitoes, and we have to support both the ship-bred
and shore-bred bloodsuckers, of which several species show us their
irritating attentions. A large brown sort, called by the Portuguese
_mansos_ (tame), flies straight to its victim, and goes to work at once,
as though it were an invited guest. Some of the small kinds carry
uncommonly sharp lancets, and very potent poison. "What would these
insects eat, if we did not pass this way?" becomes a natural question.

The juices of plants, and decaying vegetable matter in the mud, probably
form the natural food of mosquitoes, and blood is not necessary for their
existence. They appear so commonly at malarious spots, that their
presence may be taken as a hint to man to be off to more healthy
localities. None appear on the high lands. On the low lands they swarm
in myriads. The females alone are furnished with the biting apparatus,
and their number appears to be out of all proportion in excess of the
males. At anchor, on a still evening, they were excessively annoying;
and the sooner we took refuge under our mosquito curtains, the better.
The miserable and sleepless night that only one mosquito inside the
curtain can cause, is so well known, and has been so often described,
that it is needless to describe it here. One soon learns, from