you have an enemy, make friends with
all the other powers, so that your enemy be isolated diplomatically and
politically."

The present Kaiser has reversed every one of the great policies of
Bismarck and of his ancestors that made a united and great Germany.

There is not a language in the world to-day outside the Teutonic that
speaks the praise of Germany. Defensive German alliances are broken
because the present Kaiser insisted that offensive and defensive are
one and the same. In offensive action the Triple Alliance breaks;
while the Triple Entente becomes, for defense, nine nations instead of
three.

The German people are not responsible for this situation. Their form
of government has not yet permitted full, free, and effective
expression of opinion; nor does the German seek full political
expression. He loves his fireside and his family, and prefers his home
ease and philosophy. He has confidence in his Kaiser and his
government; and his whole training for a generation has been to make
him an obedient part of a military power.

It is gratifying to find that not the German people, but the German
Kaiser, is responsible for this war; and it is also gratifying to find
that there are doubts as to his full mental responsibility.

I have had closer associations with the German people than with the
French, and have liked them better as a people: they are so
industrious, efficient, and ambitious in the world's work. I know the
German country better than the country of France or England. I think I
understand something of the over-self-sufficiency of the English, and I
have no prejudice against the Germans, or even their form of
government, which may be better adapted to their needs than a broader
democracy. But of the German modern war-philosophy the world outside
can hold but one opinion. It might have been supported as a purely
tentative or speculative philosophy, but it could have been promoted in
practice only by a crazy ruler. I was not therefore surprised to find
circulated in Paris an article by an American physician which I had
permitted to be published in America at the outbreak of the war,
showing the mental weaknesses and hereditary taints of Germany's war
lord.

I recall him from memory of bygone years, and as I saw him in Berlin
when his grandfather was still on the throne--a young man of about
twenty, returning from the races and dashing through the Tiergarten
holding the reins of six coal-bl