as a reward for
having been willing to become citizens in regions so remote from their
fatherland without any other service, in order that by such kindness
others might be encouraged to do the same, not less do the regulars
merit some special privilege and reward from your Majesty, and the
welfare of the souls of the natives. This is the chief object of your
Majesty in conserving the Filipinas Islands and all that conduces
to this is only a means--namely, that it is inhabited by Spaniards
and garrisoned with soldiers, and the expenses which are incurred in
all this. Therefore if his Majesty exercises so great munificence in
order that the means may not fail so that the end may be attained,
in order that it may be more completely and perfectly executed, the
regulars may hope for greater favor from the piety of their king. And
if laymen are rewarded for the services that they have rendered in
those islands with military honors and with great encomiendas of
Indians, one can trust that the services rendered to his Majesty by
all the orders during a hundred years in the islands will merit some
recompense in immunity (even though it be not due for their services)
from his gratitude and liberal hand, as they hope from the grandeur
of their king and sovereign.

APPENDIX: JUDICIAL CONDITION OF THE PHILIPPINES IN 1842

Source: This is from Sinibaldo de Mas's Informe de las Islas Filipinas,
ii, no. 12.

Translation: This is by James Alexander Robertson.

APPENDIX: JUDICIAL CONDITION OF THE PHILIPPINES IN 1842

[In addition to the following account by Mas, the student desirous
of pursuing the subject will find much data in the various Guias
de Filipinas. Some statistics are also presented by Montero y Vidal
(Archipielago Filipino, pp. 194-203) for the years 1883-1884. Much
of value and interest will also be found in the various reports of
the Philippine Commission, and in the numerous pamphlets issued by
the United States Government.]

Justice is administered by means of an Audiencia, which has the
title of royal, and resides in Manila, being composed of one regent,
and five judges; by means of alcaldes-mayor who govern the provinces;
and by the gobernadorcillo whom each village has and who is equivalent
to our alcalde de monterilla. [62] The latter proceeds in criminal
cases to the formation of a verbal process, and tries civil causes
up to the value of two tailes of gold or 44 pesos fuertes.

The