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n similar lands in the Southern States;" and of Yoruba, in particular, he says, that "both upland and sea island cotton are planted; but neither produces very well, owing to the extreme and constant heat of the climate." Of this, Mr. Bowen, who is a native of Georgia, must be regarded as a good judge. He spent six years as a missionary of the Baptist Church in exploring the Abbeokuta and Yoruba country. This cause of short crops in Yoruba is evidently incurable. It does not exist in equal force in Liberia and its vicinity. Mr. Bowen says: "The average in the dry season is about 80 degrees at Ijaye, and 82 at Ogbomoshaw, and a few degrees lower during the rains. I have never known the mercury to rise higher than 93 degrees in the shade, at Ijaye. The highest reading at Ogbomoshaw was 97.5." These places are from 100 to 150 miles inland.[46] Another remark. The confidence with which it is asserted, that immigration is impracticable as a means of obtaining labor, wherever slavery prevails, will remind the reader of another theory to which Englishmen long tried to make us converts: that slave labor is necessarily unprofitable and should be abandoned on economical grounds. Now they are forced to admit that our planters seem to "be made of gold." Perhaps these same planters can use immigrant labor as successfully as slave labor. If necessary, doubtless, they will make the attempt, notwithstanding the opinions entertained beyond the sea. FOOTNOTES: [36] See Table VIII, in Appendix. [37] Compendium of United States Census, 1850. [38] Mr. C. Buxton, in _Edinburgh Review_, April, 1859. [39] Parliamentary Papers, Population Returns for the West Indies, (of course the decrease by manumission is not included.) [40] Mr. C. Buxton, in _Edinburgh Review_, April, 1859, from which these extracts are made. [41] _North British Review_, August, 1848. [42] This point will be examined more fully in a subsequent chapter. [43] Mr. C. Buxton, in _Edinburgh Review_, April, 1859. [44] _London Economist_, Feb. 12, 1859. [45] See _African Repository_, October, 1859. [46] See _African Repository_, October, 1859. CHAPTER XIII. Rationale of the Kansas-Nebraska movement--Western Agriculturists merely Feeders of Slaves--Dry goods and groceries nearly all of Slave labor origin--Value of Imports--How paid for--Planters pay for more than three-fourths--Slavery
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