n order of knighthood founded by
Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, in 1420.

_grincer un sourire_: a bold and vivid expression, _grincer_ meaning 'to
gnash the teeth.'

_gastadour_, from the Lat. _vastator_, ravager, despoiler.

_l'Escaut_, the Scheldt. The _Adour_ is a river in Southern France, but
no ships for the Armada came from France. One suspects the influence of
_gastadour_ in the line above.

_mestre de camp_, an old term for commander of a regiment.

L. 182. There were no German vessels in the Armada. _ourque_, more
usually written _bourque_, is a small Dutch or Flemish cargo-boat with
two masts. It is something between the modern ketch and the old Flemish
'bilander'.

_moco_, Spanish word for 'cabin-boy'.

_Pausilippe_, a promontory near Naples.

LES RAISONS DU MOMOTOMBO.

Placed by itself under the heading _L'Inquisition_ in the series of
1859, and preceded by the following note:--'Le bapteme des volcans est
un ancien usage qui remonte aux premiers temps de la conquete. Tous
les crateres du Nicaragua furent alors sanctifies, a l'exception du
Momotombo, d'ou l'on ne vit jamais revenir les religieux qui s'etaient
charges d'aller y planter la croix.' (SQUIER, _Voyage dans l'Amerique du
Sud_.)

Momotombo is a volcano in the state of Nicaragua. E.G.Squier was an
American antiquarian and author who was appointed _charge d'affaires_
to all the Central American States in 1849. He does not appear to have
written any work with the title quoted by Hugo. The passage quoted
occurs in his _Nicaragua, its people, scenery, and monuments_, published
in 1852. He relates in this book an instance of a bishop being asked to
baptize a volcanic vent which had suddenly opened in a mountain!

_Torquemada_ (1420-1489) was the notorious inquisitor-general of
Castile and Aragon, whose name has become a by-word for relentless
persecution and cruelty.

LA CHANSON DES AVENTURIERS DE LA MER. (Page 101)

_le golfe d'Otrante_, between Italy and Albania.

_au Phare_: it is not clear what lighthouse is intended.

_une Tarentaise_, woman of Tarentum, in South Italy.

_Gaete_, English Gaeta, a bay and town on the west coast of Italy, north
of Naples.

L. 47. The historical allusion here is not clear. Prince Eugene
of Savoy, Marlborough's colleague, and Cardinal Mazarin were not
contemporaries.

_Livourne_, Leghorn. _Spinola_: the reference may or may not be to the
famous Imperialist general in the Thirty Years War.