paint,
and then spread on the wood with a large brush as soon as made, to
prevent its growing too stiff and hard. The colour may be changed by
mixing a little white lead, whiting, or ivory black, with the Spanish
brown. For pales and weather boards this varnish is superior to paint,
and much cheaper than what is commonly used for that purpose. It is an
excellent preventive against wet and weather, and if laid on smooth wood
it will have a good gloss.

VARNISH FOR SILKS. To one quart of cold-drawn linseed oil, add half an
ounce of litharge. Boil them for half an hour, and then add half an
ounce of copal varnish. While the ingredients are heating in a copper
vessel, put in one ounce of rosin, and a few drops of neatsfoot oil,
stirring the whole together with a knife. When cool, it is ready for
use. This varnish will set, or keep its place on the silk in four hours,
the silk may then be turned and varnished on the other side.

VARNISH FOR STRAW HATS. For straw or chip hats, put half an ounce of
black sealing-wax powdered into two ounces of spirits of wine or
turpentine, and place it near the fire till the wax is dissolved. If the
hat has lost its colour or turned brown, it may first be brushed over
with writing ink, and well dried. The varnish is then to be laid on warm
with a soft brush, in the sun or before the fire, and it will give it a
new gloss which will resist the wet.

VARNISH FOR TINWARE. Put three ounces of seed-lac, two drams of dragon's
blood, and one ounce of turmeric powder, into a pint of well-rectified
spirits. Let the whole remain for fourteen days, but during that time,
agitate the bottle once a day at least. When properly combined, strain
the liquid through a piece of muslin. This varnish is called lacquer; it
is brushed over tinware to give it a resemblance to brass.

VARNISH FOR WOOD. The composition which is the best adapted to preserve
wood from the decay occasioned both by the wet and the dry rot, is as
follows. Melt twelve ounces of rosin in an iron kettle, and when melted,
add eight ounces of roll brimstone. When both are in a liquid state,
pour in three gallons of train oil. Heat the whole slowly, gradually
adding four ounces of bees' wax in small pieces, and keep the mixture
stirring. As soon as the solid ingredients are dissolved, add as much
Spanish brown, red or yellow ochre, ground fine with some of the oil, as
will give the whole a deep shade. Lay on this varnish as hot and thin