lettering should be horizontal, except the
names of roads, railways, rivers, and canals, which should be written
along them.

Remember to fill in the North point on your sketch, as it is useless
without it. Leave a margin of about an inch all round your sketch and
state the scale that you have made your sketch, _e. g._, two inches to
the mile.

[Illustration: CONVENTIONAL SIGNS ETC]

SIGNALLING

CONTINENTAL

Used on Submarine Cables, Wireless and in Foreign Countries

A .-
B -...
C -.-.
D -..
E .
F ..-.
G --.
H ....
I ..
J .---
K -.-
L .-..
M --
N -.
O ---
P .--.
Q --.-
R .-.
S ...
T -
U ..-
V ...-
W .--
X -..-
Y -.--
Z --..

1 .----
2 ..---
3 ...--
4 ....-
5 .....
6 -....
7 --...
8 ---..
9 ----.
0 -----

Period ......
Comma .-.-.-
Interrogation ..--..
Colon ---...
Semi-colon -.-.-.
Quotation Marks .-..-.

The letter A is used for the word "Error"
" " K " " " " " "Negative"
" " L " " " " " "Preparatory"
" " N " " " " " "Annulling"
" " O " " " " " "Interrogatory"
" " P " " " " " "Affirmative"
" " R " " " " " "Acknowledgment"

The Morse Code of Signals is not hard to learn but it requires much
practice to "receive" even when the message is sent slowly. The
old-fashioned instruments were fitted with a ribbon on which the dots
and dashes were recorded, but all modern operators depend on the ear.

The code is as follows:

[Illustration: The American Morse Telegraph Alphabet]

A .-
B -...
C ...
D -..
E .
F .-.
G --.
H ....
I ..
J -.-.
K -.-
L -
M --
N -.
O . .
P .....
Q ..-.
R ...
S ...
T -
U ..-
V ...-
W .--
X .-..
Y .. ..
Z ... .
& . ...
$ ... .-..

NUMERALS

1.--.
2..-..
3...-.
4....-
5 ---
6......
7 --..
8 -....
9 -..-
0 -- [1 long dash, not 2 regular dashes]

[Illustration: NUMERALS]

_Punctuation_

Comma, . --. --
Semi-colon, Si
Colon, Ko
Period, .. -- --..
Interrogation, --.. --.
Quotation, Qn
Paragraph, -- -- -- --
Exclamation, -- -- --
Parenthesis, Pn
Brackets, Bn
Dollar mark, Sx
Dash, Dx
Hyphen, Hx
Underline, Ux

_Signals_