d when they came upon a coloured man in the
neighbourhood they hanged him to the nearest tree or lamp-post.

During the riot the draft-rioters made their headquarters at the Willow
Tree Inn, which stood near the south-east corner of Fifth Avenue and
Forty-fourth Street, and which at one time was run by Tom Hyer, of
prize-ring fame. A photograph shows it as it was in 1880, with the tree
from which it took its name in front, and the Henry W. Tyson Fifth
Avenue Market adjoining it. "Fifth Avenue" quotes from Mr. John T.
Mills, Jr., whose father owned the cottage: "My mother planted the old
willow tree," said Mr. Mills, "and I remember distinctly the Orphan
Asylum fire. The only reason our home was not destroyed was that father
ran the Bull's Head stages which carried people downtown for three
cents, and the ruffians did not care to destroy the means of
transportation." There were many vacant lots in this section of Fifth
Avenue at the time of the Civil War, and a small shanty below the Willow
Cottage was the only building that stood between Madison Avenue and
Fifth Avenue. On the north-west corner of Fifth Avenue and Forty-fourth
Street, then considered far north, stood a three-story brick building.
The stockyards were between Fifth Avenue and Fourth Avenue from
Forty-fourth to Forty-sixth Street, and Madison Avenue was not then cut
through. The stockyards were divided into pens of fifty by one hundred
feet, into which the cattle were driven from runs between the yards. On
the east side of Fifth Avenue, just above Forty-second Street, stood
four high brown-stone-front houses, the first to be built in this
neighbourhood. In the rear of these were stables that had entrances on
Fifth Avenue. "Fifth Avenue" points to the Willow Tree Inn as
illustrating the appreciation of Fifth Avenue real estate. "In 1853 this
corner was the extreme south-west angle of the Fair and Lockwood farm,
and was sold for eight thousand five hundred dollars. Here in 1905 a
twelve-story office building was erected, replacing Tyson's meat market
and the old Willow Tree Inn. The corner was then held at two million
dollars. The property was bought in 1909 for one million nine hundred
thousand dollars by the American Real Estate Company."

At No. 7 West Forty-third Street is the home of the Century Association,
at the corresponding number in Forty-fourth Street that of the St.
Nicholas Club, formed of descendants of residents, prior to 1785, of
either the