Frederick IV., XVIth century

Castle ravaged by Spaniards, 1622

Again rebuilt and dismembered by lightning, 1764

Great tuns, 1535, 1728, 1751

LAACH

[Illustration: _Abbey of Laach_]

Abbey founded by Henry II., 1093

Pillaged by revolutionists, XVIIIth century

LEYDEN

St. Pancras, 1280

St. Peter's, XIIIth to XVIth century

St. Peter's tower fell, 1512

Old Palace of Counts of Holland (1280), XIIIth century

Tomb of Van der Werf in St. Pancras, XVIth century

City besieged by Spaniards, 1574

Stadt Huis, 1597

LIEGE

St. Jean, Xth century

St. Jean, choir added, XIIIth century

St. Jean, tower added, XIIIth century

St. Jean, cloister, XIVth century

St. Martin founded, 962

Bishopric founded by Heraclius, 968

Ste. Croix founded by Bishop Notger, 979

Ste. Croix, choir added, 1175

Ste. Croix, Stations of the Cross, XVth century

St. Jacques's founded by Bishop Baudry II., 1014

St. Jacques's Romanesque tower, XIIth century

St. Jacques's rebuilt, 1513-38

St. Jacques's organ buffet, 1673

St. Barthelemy's font, 1112

Fete Dieu ordained by Urbain IV., 1246

St. Lambert's destroyed, 1801

LIMBURG

Primitive church, 909

Cathedral of St. George, XIIth century

Baptismal fonts, XIIth century

Baldaquin of Pyx, XVth century

Tomb of Daniel of Mutersbach, 1475

MANNHEIM

City founded, 765

Elector Frederick built his chateau, XVIIth century

City walls built, 1606

MAYENCE

Bishops of the Frankish kingdom convoked by Dagobert, 636

Bishop Sigibert built the city walls, 718

Council met here on order of Charlemagne, 813

Archbishop Willigis built the cathedral and St. Stephen's, 975-1011

Cathedral completed under Archbishop Bardon, 1037

Pope Leo IX. held a council here, 1049

Cathedral burned, 1087

Philip of Suabia crowned here, 1198

Transept and western choir rebuilt, XIIth century

Chapter-house, XIIth century

Cathedral newly consecrated, 1239

Cloisters, XIIIth century

Chapels, XIIIth and XIVth centuries

Western end of roof took fire, 1793

Napoleon ordered it restored, 1803

Remains of Frastrada (d. 794) removed thither, 1552

Fountain in Speise-Markt, XVIth century

[Illustration: _Cathedral, Mayence_]

[Illustration: _Gothard Chapel, Mayence_]

METZ

City attacked by the Huns, Vth century

Original foundation of Eglise St. Pierre, VIIth century

Reconstructed, Xth and XVth centuries

St. Stephen's